1224 Ri KAL School Leaflet 



This color characteristic is the one, perhaps, which is most surely 

 transmitted from parents to offspring among pure-bred animals. Among 

 grade animals, the color, in most cases, will be that of the breed of which 

 the grade animal carries the most blood. 



One way to become familiar with the different breeds of cattle is to see, 

 as often as possible, copies of farm papers that give considerable attention 

 to live-stock production. 



The dairy breeds 



The Jersey. — The color of the Jersey, in general, is solid fa^^^l, varying 

 through all the shades from light to dark, and becoming almost black 

 in some cases. White is allowable and occurs in patches with sharply 

 defined outlines in the general fawn color of the body. Jersey cows 

 showing white are comparatively few in nvimber. A Jersey usually has 

 a black nose, a black tongue, and a black switch, but these jooints are 

 not required for eligibility to registration. The hair along the back 

 and under the abdomen, and that immediately surrounding the muzzle 

 and the eyes, is usually lighter than on other parts of the body. The 

 skin should be a rich yellow. 



The Guernsey. — The Guernsey cow is generally larger than the Jersey 

 and perhaps a little coarser. The color is yellowish, brownish, or reddish 

 fawn. This is wholly unlike the fawn of the Jersey, and is not likely 

 to be mistaken after a few individuals of each of the breeds have been 

 seen. The reddish fawn prevails. White markings are more common 

 with Guernseys than with Jerseys. White occurs most often on the limbs 

 and the under part of the body. The muzzle of the Guernsey is bujf or 

 flesh-colored, and is surrounded by a circle of light hair. The eyes are 

 surrounded by the same kind of marldng. The Guernsey cow usually 

 has a white switch. 



The Guernsey is noted for the rich yellow color of the skin and of the 

 secretions coming from the skin. There is supposed to be a relation- 

 ship between this rich skin-color and the bright, rich yellow of Guernsey 

 butter and cream. 



The Holstcin-Fricsian. — The color of the Holstein-Fricsian is black 

 and white. There is no variation in shade, the only variation among 

 individuals being in the amount of each color. At various times in the 

 history of the breed, more white has been popular than at other tiines. 

 For example, at present a Holstein bull calf having more than fifty per 

 cent white will bring a larger price than an equally good animal ha\'ing 

 less white. 



The Ayrshire. — The Ayrshire cow is red and white, although occasion- 

 ally a brown and white animal may appear. In such cases, the brown 

 always has a reddish tinge. As with Holsteins, a large proportion of white 



