38 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



1905 Mays, Thomas J. The Fly and Tuberculosis. N. Y. Med. Jour. 

 & Phila. Med. Jour. 82 -.437-38 



Unreservedly conilemns the article of J. O. Cobb on the (iisseininalion of tuberculosis by 

 the house fly, claiming that his data is far from conclusive. 



1905 Ward, Henry B. The Relations of Animals to Disease. 



Science, 45:194-95 



I^The spread of typhoid germs by flies is accepted and the reported conveyance by this 

 insect, of cholera, anthrax, septicemia, pyemia, erysipelas, tuberculosis and bubonic plague 

 .Jj noted, some being regarded as well proved and others as open to question. Mention is 

 made of Grassi's experiments in which the eggs of both tapswormi and round worms, 

 Taenia solium, Oxyuris and Trichuris were sucked up by flies and recovered unaltered 

 from their dejecta. 



1906 Howard, L. O. House Flies U. S. Dep't Agric. Bur. Ent. 

 Cir. 7, p. 1-9 



A summarized discussion of the house fly and other species associated therewith, with 

 particular reference to remedial measures. 



1906 Sandilands, J. E. Epidemic Diarrhoea and the Bacterial Con- 

 tent of Food. Jour. Hygiene, 6:77-92 



, Important conclusions: 



4 The great majority of cases of diarrhoea are due to the consumption of food which has 

 been infected in the district in which the cases have occurred. 



; TL, infected matter thus co.iveyed to food is generally the excrement of some person 

 suffering from diarrhoea. 



6 The life history of house flies and the facility with which they can convey the fecal 

 excrement of infected infants to the food of the healthy, suggests that the seasonal incidence 

 of diarrhoea coincides with, and results from the seasonal prevalence of flies. 



1907 Method of Transmission of Contagious Diseases. 



N. Y. State Dep't Health. Mo. Bui. August, p. 11-13 



An abstract of a circular issued by the^Public Health Department of^France, flies being 

 credited with disseminating typhoid fever, tuberculosis, cholera, etc. 



1907 Buchanan, R. A., Glasg, M. B. & Glasg, F. F. P. S. The Car- 

 riage of Infection by Flies. Lancet, 173:216-18 



An illustrated account with the following conclusions : The experiments conclusively 

 show that flies alighting on any substances containing pathogenic organisms are capable of 

 carrying away these organisms in large numbers on their feet and of depositing them in a 

 gradually diminishing number on surface after surface with which they come in contact. 

 They further serve to demonstrate the necessity for the exercise of stringent measures for 

 preventing access of flies to all sources of infection and to protect food of all kinds against 

 flies alighting on it. 



1907 Dickinson, G. K. The House Fly and its Connection with Dis- 

 ease Dissemination. Med. Record, 71:134-39 



An extended summarized statement with bibliography. 



1907 Hewitt, C. Gordon. On the Bionomics of Certain Calyptrate 

 Muscidae and their Economic Significance, with Special Reference to 

 Flies Inhabiting Houses. Jour. Econ. Biol. 2:79-88 



The house fly is briefly treated on pages 83-86. 



1907 M'Vail, John C. The Prevention of Infectious Diseases, p. 6i, 

 66-67 



The part flies play in the spread of^typhoid or enteric fever is assumed and preventive 

 measures described. j533Bkll«i^llBl*!ii...»-* 



1907 Preston, C. H. Insect Carriers of Infection. Pub. by Con- 

 temporary Club, Davenport, la. p. 20-21 

 ^The fly is charged with carrying germs of typhoid fever, tuberculosis, dysentery, etc. 



