REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I908 



49 



the stirring of the soil when the majority of the insects arc in the 

 pupal stage. Furthermore, many growers have sprayed with an 

 arsenical poison, and this treatment has undoubtedly been of great 

 service in preventing the pest from becoming unusually abundant. 

 Severe local injuries may be expected in the future, and all growers 

 are advised to keep a close watch of their vineyards, remembering 

 that the insect may be very destructive in one portion of tlic field 

 and hardly be present in another. 



Shade tree insects 



Elm leaf miner ( K a 1 i o s y s p h i n g a u 1 m i Sund.) . The 



injurious work of this European 

 species was first observed by us in 

 this country in 1895, and a brief 

 notice was given thereof in the re- 

 port of this ofiice for the year 1898. 

 This miner was at that time very 

 injurious to Camperdown elms in 

 Washington park, though its oper- 

 ations were also very apparent uix)n 

 Scotch elms and were less extensive 

 upon English elms in both Albany 

 and Troy. The severe injuries of 

 earlier years have been somewhat 

 lessened though it has been reported 

 from other sections of the State. A 

 few years ago it was quite destructive 

 to elms at Ithaca, N. Y. and last year 

 it was reported as being very in- 

 jurious to weeping elms at Syracuse. 

 Complaints of its ravages were also 

 received from Kenwood near Albany. 

 There is no very satisfactory 

 method of controlling this pest, since 

 the larvae work exclusively between 

 the upper and lower epidermis, <le- 

 vouring the tender parenchyma and making a rather characteristic, 

 irregular blotched mine. The insect hibernates within a cocoon just 

 below the surface. It has been suggested that the upper layer of 

 soil nn"ght be removed and buried at some depth. Ordinarily the 



Fig. 14 Elm leaf miner (author's 

 illustration) 



