170 Bulletin 235. 



I have had the great pleasure of giving absolute assurance to a large number of 

 neighbors and friends that they can stop this destruction just where it is. It now 

 looks as if spraying would be very general in the Chautauqua grape belt next year. 

 Some vineyardists who liave been spraying for the last three years, but not system- 

 atically nor thoroughly, have not realized the convincing results they were looking 

 for. This year, however, they were more thorough and successful and now say 

 that they may neglect the cultivation hereafter, but will not neglect the spraying." 



It is very gratifying to have such corroborative and appreciative 

 evidence of the value of a poison spray for controlling the grape root- 

 worm. The evidence accumtilated by this Experiment Station during the 

 past three years seems to me fully conclusive that this serious grape pest 

 can be checked and kept below the danger limit with a poison spray. So 

 conclusive is the evidence that it seems unnecessary for this Station to 

 conduct further spraying experiments. It will require two thorough ap- 

 plications of a strong poison like the arsenate of lead, at the rate of 4 

 pounds in 50 gallons of water or Bordeaux mixture to obtain the most 

 satisfactory results in controlling the grape root-worm. Spray first as 

 soon as the beetles are first seen, which is usually about the last week in 

 June, then spray again about a week or ten days later. 



Having thus demonstrated beyond all reasonable doubt, as I believe, 

 that the insect can be thus controlled, it only remains for the vineyardists 

 in the infested region to equip themselves for thorough work along this 

 line. Other insect pests and such fungous diseases as mildew and rot are 

 liable to appear any season and vineyardists shotild be prepared to spray 

 their vines thoroughly. 



Notes oil practical vineyard spraying. — I discussed vineyard spraying 

 at some length in Bulletin No. 224, pages 69-71 and presented pictures 

 of the best machinery then available. I have used for two seasons the 

 machine shown in Fig. 43 which has a cylinder of compressed carbonic- 

 acid gas for its power. The arrangement of nozzles on this machine is the 

 best I have seen for the thorough work required to get satisfactory results 

 in spraying. A vineyard sprayer should have at least three nozzles, and 

 better four of them, on each side to do proper work, and to supply these 

 nozzles properly with a fine spray requires a continuous pressure of 

 from 80 to 100 pounds. A gas or steam engine or the compressed car- 

 bonic-acid gas will maintain such a pressure, and some pump manufac- 

 turers are devising such vineyard pumps. The pump shown in Figs. 44 

 and 45 (facing page 159) combines horse-power and compressed air. It 

 did very good work, so far as developing sufficient power is concerned, 

 in one vineyard the past season. With further improvements, especially 

 in the way of more and better arranged nozzles, this type of vineyard 

 spray pump should furnish the cheapest power and do good work. 



