Buildings and Yards. 



561 



form in order that the cattle do not have to step up or down in passing 

 over the gutter. When animals stand with heads toward the wall the 

 driveway between gutters should be nine feet, although eight feet will 

 answer, in case of cattle and from twelve to fifteen feet in case of 

 horses. The space between the feed manger and the wall should be from 

 five to six feet. When cattle face toward the center the distance from 

 gutter to wall should be six feet ; with horses eight feet. Like the amount 

 of cubic space, the height will depend somewhat on climatic conditions. 

 The higher the stable the more readily the air may pass through above the 

 animals without causing draft. On the other hand, since the warm air 

 passes to the top of the room, the position occupied by the animal in a 



Section 



Fig. 336. — .4 simple, cheap and satisfactory partition for horse stalls. 



high room is relatively colder than in a low room. The height of stables 

 in temperate climates may properly vary from eight to twelve feet in 

 the clear ; probably in most cases from nine to ten feet will give the best 

 average results. 



Box stalls for horses may vary from twelve by twelve to eight by 

 twelve. A box stall eight by twelve is to be preferred to one ten by ten. 

 For cows eight by eight is permissible, but eight by ten is better. Pens 

 for swine may vary from five by eight to eight by ten. A pen that is 

 seven by nine is generally satisfactory. 



In making an estimate of the space required to house properly the 

 various farm products, average maximum estimates should be used. We 



