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Home Nature-Study Course. 



animals, thuS' bringing him into kindly relations with his little neighbors 

 of the field, so that he will naturally respect their rights. It is the boy 

 who knows the birds and loves them, who will not shoot them; it is the 

 child who knows the butterfly by name and something of its interesting 

 habits, wdio will refrain from crushing the life out of its fragile body. 



We cannot eradicate cruelty by punishment or repression ; but we 

 may crowd it out of the child's character, by putting in its place little by 

 little the humane and tender sentiments which inevitably follow a knowl- 

 edge of the life and habits of even the lowest creature. 



THE BUTTERFLIES COMMON IN NEW YORK STATE 



In the following descriptions the measurement of the butterfly is 

 made across the spread wings from tip to tip; unfortunately, it was not 

 practicable to have the pictures of all the butterflies natural size. It must 

 be borne in mind that individual butterflies of the same species may vary 

 in size somewhat. When the size of the caterpillar is given it means the 

 fully grown larva just before it changes to a pupa. 



TIGER SWALLOWTAIL. 



Expanse, three and one-half to four inches. Colors pale 

 straw-yellow marked ivith black. On the hind wi}ig near 

 the inner angle are blue and red spots. 



disagreeable to smell and probably to taste. 



THE SWALLOW 

 TAILS 



These are large 

 handsome butterflies 

 and get their name 

 because of the pro- 

 longation of the hind 



wing 



in 



manner 



suggesting tlie tail- 

 feathers of a swal- 

 low. The caterpillars 

 have a pair of scent 

 organs just back of 

 the head, which they 

 can thrust out at will. 

 These are supposed to 

 protect them from 

 the attacks of birds 

 by rendering them 



