Insect Study. 



1^7 



pillar is a little more 

 with a large patch of 

 colored. It eats the 

 gooseberry. 



The Gray Co in ma 

 appears early in the 

 spring. It especially 

 frequents orchards. 

 Its caterpillar attains 

 llie length of an inch 

 and has a body yellow- 

 ish-brown ni a r k e d 

 with greenish-black. 

 It has many branched 

 spines, one pair being 

 on the head. It feeds 

 on currant, gooseberry 

 and elm. 



than an inch long, reddish or yellowish in color, 

 white on its back. Its branching spines are light 

 leaves of black birch, willow, alder, currant and 



. — This butterfly r.lwavs hibernates as an adult and 



THE GRAY COMMA 



Expanse, about two inches. Color, orange-red ii'ith black 

 spots, brownish borders to the wings. The under sides 

 of the wings are "pepper and salt" arranged in wavy 

 lines. The "initial " a delicate wide-angled L. 



THE SOVEREIGNS 



These butterflies are noted for the very interesting habits of the 

 caterpillar which are omitted here. The caterpillars when fully grown 

 are so covered with humps that they look most grotesque. On the front 

 end of the body is borne a pair of tiny tubercles that look like pompons. 

 The chrysalis has a projection which resembles a Roman nose. 



The Red Spotted Purple. 

 • — This is not so common 

 in New York State as the 

 banded purple. There is a 

 form which is hybrid be- 

 tween the two, showing 

 the trace of the white band 

 across the front wings, 

 while the hind wings are 

 usually like those of this 

 species. Its caterpillar 

 feeds upon plum, thorn- 

 apple and others. 



The Jlceroy. — This but- 

 terfly has forsaken the 

 dark uniform of its family 

 and has put on the dress 



THE RED SPOTTED PURPLE 



Expanse, about three inches. Upper surface of 

 wings velvety i)idigo-I>lack tinged with blue or 

 green iridescence. The border rows of spots on 

 the hind wings a light iridescent blue. The 

 wings on the under sides show many red spots. 



of the monarch. This disguise affords it protection from the birds be- 



