﻿14 
  

  

  THE 
  HICKORIES. 
  

   Robert 
  T. 
  Morris, 
  M. 
  D. 
  

  

  So 
  far 
  as 
  we 
  know, 
  the 
  hickories, 
  belonging 
  to 
  the 
  Juglandaceae, 
  

   are 
  indigenous 
  to 
  the 
  North 
  American 
  continent 
  only. 
  Representatives 
  

   of 
  the 
  group 
  occur 
  naturally 
  from 
  southern 
  Canada 
  to 
  the 
  central 
  lati- 
  

   tude 
  of 
  Mexico, 
  in 
  a 
  curved 
  band 
  upon 
  the 
  map, 
  which 
  would 
  be 
  bounded 
  

   upon 
  the 
  east 
  by 
  the 
  Atlantic 
  Ocean 
  and 
  the 
  Gulf 
  of 
  Mexico, 
  and 
  on 
  

   the 
  west 
  roughl}'' 
  by 
  the 
  Missouri 
  River, 
  until 
  that 
  river 
  bends 
  east 
  from 
  

   the 
  eastern 
  boundary 
  of 
  Kansas. 
  From 
  the 
  angle 
  of 
  that 
  bend 
  the 
  

   hickory 
  runs 
  approximately 
  southwest 
  into 
  Mexico. 
  

  

  The 
  exact 
  number 
  of 
  species 
  has 
  not 
  been 
  determined 
  as 
  yet, 
  be- 
  

   cause 
  of 
  the 
  open 
  question 
  of 
  specific 
  or 
  varietal 
  differences 
  in 
  some 
  

   members 
  of 
  the 
  family. 
  Sargent's 
  classification 
  at 
  present 
  includes 
  

   eleven 
  species: 
  Hicoria 
  pecan, 
  H. 
  Texana, 
  H. 
  minima, 
  H. 
  myristicae- 
  

   formis, 
  H. 
  aquatica. 
  H. 
  ovata, 
  H. 
  Carolinae-septentrionalis, 
  H. 
  laciniosa, 
  

   H. 
  alba. 
  H. 
  glabra, 
  and 
  H. 
  villosa. 
  To 
  this 
  list 
  may 
  be 
  added 
  11. 
  Mexi- 
  

   cana 
  (Palmer), 
  which 
  so 
  far 
  seems 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  found 
  only 
  in 
  the 
  high 
  

   mountains 
  of 
  Alvarez, 
  near 
  San 
  Louis 
  Potosi 
  in 
  Mexico 
  ; 
  and 
  H. 
  Buck- 
  

   ley 
  i 
  from 
  Texas, 
  which 
  was 
  described 
  once 
  by 
  Durand, 
  and 
  since 
  that 
  

   time 
  overlooked 
  by 
  writers, 
  excepting 
  by 
  Mrs. 
  M. 
  J. 
  Young 
  in 
  1873, 
  

   who 
  included 
  the 
  species 
  in 
  her 
  "Lessons 
  in 
  Botany." 
  Professor 
  Sar- 
  

   gent 
  tells 
  me 
  that 
  the 
  Buckley 
  hickory 
  will 
  be 
  included 
  in 
  the 
  next 
  edi- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  Sargent's 
  "Manual 
  of 
  the 
  Trees 
  of 
  North 
  America." 
  This 
  

   brings 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  species 
  up 
  to 
  thirteen. 
  In 
  addition 
  we 
  have 
  well 
  

   marked 
  varieties 
  : 
  H. 
  glabra 
  odorata, 
  H. 
  glabra 
  pallida, 
  and 
  H. 
  glabra 
  

   microcarpa, 
  making 
  sixteen 
  well 
  defined 
  hickories 
  that 
  have 
  been 
  de- 
  

   scribed. 
  

  

  Nuts 
  of 
  all 
  of 
  these 
  hickories 
  are 
  in 
  the 
  collection 
  of 
  "Edible 
  Nuts 
  

   of 
  the 
  World" 
  at 
  Cornell 
  University, 
  with 
  the 
  exception 
  of 
  nuts 
  of 
  the 
  

   varieties 
  H. 
  glabra 
  odorata 
  and 
  H. 
  glabra 
  pallida. 
  

  

  In 
  addition 
  to 
  the 
  sixteen 
  described 
  varieties 
  and 
  species 
  of 
  

   hickories 
  in 
  America, 
  we 
  have 
  an 
  landless 
  variety 
  of 
  hybrid 
  forms, 
  be- 
  

   cause 
  cross-poUenization 
  seems 
  to 
  take 
  place 
  readilj' 
  between 
  hickories 
  

   of 
  synchronous 
  flowering 
  time. 
  

  

  Five 
  of 
  the 
  hickories: 
  H. 
  pecan, 
  H. 
  Texana, 
  H. 
  minima, 
  II. 
  myris- 
  

   ticaeformis. 
  and 
  H. 
  aquatica 
  belong 
  to 
  the 
  open-bud 
  group, 
  while 
  the 
  

   rest 
  belong 
  to 
  the 
  scale-bud 
  group. 
  The 
  winter 
  buds 
  of 
  the 
  open-bud 
  

   group 
  resemble 
  the 
  winter 
  buds 
  of 
  the 
  walnuts 
  in 
  a 
  general 
  way, 
  and 
  

   in 
  artificial 
  hybridization 
  experiments 
  I 
  seem 
  to 
  note 
  a 
  close 
  relation- 
  

   ship 
  between 
  the 
  open-bud 
  hickories 
  and 
  the 
  walnuts. 
  

  

  There 
  is 
  no 
  more 
  promising 
  work 
  for 
  the 
  horticulturist 
  than 
  cross- 
  

  

  