﻿43 
  

  

  President 
  Morris: 
  This 
  very 
  interesting 
  paper 
  is 
  now 
  open 
  for 
  

   discussion, 
  and 
  I 
  hope 
  that 
  we 
  can 
  get 
  some 
  points 
  which 
  will 
  allow 
  

   us 
  to 
  know 
  how 
  to 
  control 
  the 
  disease. 
  With 
  the 
  wind-borne 
  spores 
  that 
  

   are 
  carried 
  miles 
  and 
  miles 
  by 
  a 
  single 
  sharp 
  gust 
  of 
  wind, 
  this 
  disease 
  

   is 
  a 
  difficult 
  matter 
  to 
  control. 
  We 
  must, 
  I 
  believe, 
  find 
  some 
  natural 
  

   enemies, 
  if 
  we 
  can. 
  I 
  don't 
  know 
  where 
  to 
  look 
  for 
  these. 
  I 
  will 
  have 
  

   to 
  ask 
  the 
  mycologists 
  what 
  we 
  may 
  anticipate 
  along 
  the 
  line 
  of 
  natural 
  

   enemies. 
  I 
  would 
  like 
  to 
  ask 
  if 
  it 
  is 
  common 
  for 
  a 
  weak 
  species 
  to 
  be- 
  

   come 
  a 
  devastating 
  species. 
  Have 
  we 
  many 
  parallels 
  in 
  the 
  field 
  of 
  

   mycology 
  ? 
  The 
  point 
  relating 
  to 
  raising 
  immune 
  kinds 
  is 
  one 
  for 
  dis- 
  

   cussion. 
  Are 
  we 
  to 
  raise 
  immune 
  chestnuts? 
  The 
  history 
  of 
  most 
  

   plants, 
  I 
  think, 
  has 
  been 
  this, 
  that 
  where 
  they 
  have 
  met 
  their 
  enemies 
  in 
  

   their 
  natural 
  environment, 
  the 
  fittest 
  survive; 
  and 
  it 
  seems 
  to 
  me 
  that 
  

   this 
  is 
  a 
  case 
  in 
  which 
  we 
  perhaps 
  have 
  survival 
  of 
  the 
  fittest 
  in 
  North 
  

   Asia 
  ; 
  for 
  the 
  North 
  Asian 
  chestnuts 
  certainly 
  resist 
  the 
  disease 
  better 
  

   than 
  any 
  others, 
  but 
  the 
  chestnuts 
  of 
  southern 
  Asia 
  are 
  quite 
  vulner- 
  

   able 
  to 
  it. 
  In 
  my 
  own 
  orchards, 
  I 
  have 
  twenty-six 
  kinds 
  of 
  chestnuts. 
  

   and 
  have 
  followed 
  them 
  along, 
  for 
  the 
  purpose 
  of 
  determining 
  which 
  

   ones 
  would 
  resist 
  the 
  blight 
  best. 
  I 
  cut 
  out 
  last 
  year 
  5000 
  old 
  American 
  

   chestnut 
  trees 
  on 
  my 
  property. 
  There 
  is 
  not 
  a 
  tree 
  in 
  all 
  that 
  part 
  of 
  

   Connecticut, 
  the 
  vicinity 
  of 
  Stamford, 
  that 
  is 
  not 
  blighted, 
  and 
  very 
  

   few 
  that 
  are 
  not 
  dead. 
  Now. 
  in 
  the 
  midst 
  of 
  this 
  disaster, 
  what 
  was 
  the 
  

   behavior 
  of 
  my 
  experimental 
  chestnuts 
  of 
  various 
  kinds? 
  It 
  was 
  this. 
  

   I 
  had 
  about 
  one 
  thousand 
  Koreans 
  that 
  lived 
  up 
  to 
  five 
  years 
  of 
  age, 
  

   growing 
  in 
  the 
  midst 
  of 
  blighted 
  chestnuts, 
  and 
  none 
  of 
  these 
  blighted. 
  

   It 
  occurred 
  to 
  me 
  that 
  it 
  might 
  be 
  well 
  to 
  graft 
  these 
  on 
  the 
  stumps 
  of 
  

   American 
  chestnut, 
  because 
  these 
  Koreans 
  resisted 
  the 
  blight 
  ; 
  but 
  when 
  

   I 
  grafted 
  them 
  on 
  the 
  sprouts 
  of 
  American 
  stumps, 
  at 
  least 
  fifty 
  per 
  

   cent 
  of 
  the 
  Koreans 
  blighted, 
  showing 
  that 
  the 
  pabulum 
  wanted 
  by 
  the 
  

   Diaporthe 
  seemed 
  to 
  be 
  furnished 
  by 
  the 
  American 
  chestnut. 
  I 
  had 
  

   some 
  chestnuts 
  from 
  North 
  Japan 
  that 
  resisted 
  the 
  blight, 
  and 
  yet 
  

   these 
  grafted 
  on 
  the 
  sprouts 
  from 
  American 
  chestnuts 
  blighted. 
  I 
  had 
  

   some 
  Chinese 
  chestnuts, 
  and 
  none 
  of 
  those 
  have 
  blighted 
  as 
  yet 
  ; 
  and 
  in 
  

   grafting 
  them, 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  have 
  not 
  been 
  blighted. 
  I 
  have 
  perhaps 
  

   twenty-four 
  chinquapins, 
  both 
  the 
  western 
  form 
  and 
  the 
  eastern, 
  and 
  

   only 
  one 
  branch 
  of 
  one 
  tree 
  has 
  blighted. 
  Of 
  the 
  southern 
  Japanese 
  

   chestnuts, 
  very 
  many 
  are 
  blighted. 
  They 
  are 
  not 
  as 
  resistant 
  as 
  the 
  

   northern. 
  I 
  have 
  a 
  good 
  many 
  chestnuts 
  of 
  European 
  descent, 
  and 
  

   among 
  these 
  some 
  resist 
  the 
  blight 
  pretty 
  well 
  ; 
  and 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  Ameri- 
  

   can 
  progeny, 
  like 
  the 
  Hannum 
  and 
  Ridgely, 
  seem 
  to 
  resist 
  well 
  enough, 
  

   so 
  that 
  now 
  I 
  am 
  grafting 
  these 
  upon 
  many 
  different 
  sprouts. 
  This 
  

   should 
  be 
  worked 
  out, 
  and 
  I 
  wish 
  to 
  know 
  what 
  men 
  have 
  tried 
  experi- 
  

   ments 
  along 
  this 
  line. 
  I 
  would 
  like 
  to 
  ask 
  Professor 
  Eeddick 
  to 
  discuss 
  

   this 
  question. 
  

  

  