﻿101 
  

  

  parent 
  success, 
  to 
  develop 
  this 
  industry, 
  several 
  other 
  varieties 
  are 
  being 
  

   used, 
  such 
  as 
  the 
  Wiltz, 
  Franquette, 
  Mayette, 
  Eureka, 
  Chase, 
  Prolific, 
  

   Meylan, 
  Concord, 
  Treyve 
  and 
  Parisienne. 
  Thus 
  far 
  this 
  work 
  is 
  ex- 
  

   perimental, 
  and 
  only 
  time 
  will 
  determine 
  the 
  success 
  and 
  value 
  of 
  it. 
  

  

  The 
  crop, 
  as 
  with 
  all 
  orchard 
  crops 
  on 
  the 
  Pacific 
  Coast, 
  is 
  culti- 
  

   vated 
  intensively, 
  clean 
  tillage 
  being 
  given, 
  followed 
  by 
  cover 
  crops 
  and 
  

   in 
  some 
  cases 
  fertilizers 
  accompanied 
  with 
  intercrops. 
  

  

  The 
  trees 
  require 
  very 
  little 
  pruning, 
  and 
  though 
  formerly 
  the 
  

   heads 
  were 
  started 
  high, 
  they 
  are 
  now 
  formed 
  low 
  and 
  the 
  primary 
  

   branches 
  trained 
  to 
  ascend 
  obliquely, 
  thus 
  facilitating 
  tillage 
  operations, 
  

   and, 
  in 
  this 
  respect, 
  even 
  improving 
  upon 
  the 
  high 
  head 
  wifh 
  spreading 
  

   or 
  even 
  drooping 
  main 
  branches. 
  While 
  the 
  more 
  progressive 
  planters 
  

   favor 
  trees 
  one 
  year 
  from 
  the 
  bud, 
  which 
  have 
  been 
  put 
  upon 
  two 
  year 
  

   old 
  stock, 
  some 
  still 
  prefer 
  two 
  year 
  old 
  tops. 
  Stocks 
  are 
  preferably 
  

   California 
  black, 
  northern 
  form. 
  This 
  is 
  a 
  large 
  and 
  vigorous 
  tree, 
  

   while 
  the 
  southern 
  form 
  is 
  often 
  or 
  perhaps 
  better, 
  usually, 
  a 
  large 
  

   shrub 
  or 
  small 
  tree. 
  

  

  The 
  remarkable 
  behavior 
  of 
  the 
  Vrooman 
  orchard 
  at 
  Santa 
  Rosa, 
  

   in 
  which 
  there 
  are 
  sixty 
  acres 
  of 
  grafted 
  Franquettes, 
  has 
  been 
  the 
  chief 
  

   means 
  of 
  stimulating 
  the 
  very 
  extensive 
  plantings 
  that 
  have 
  been 
  made 
  

   during 
  the 
  past 
  five 
  or 
  six 
  years 
  in 
  the 
  Pacific 
  Northwest. 
  This 
  is 
  the 
  

   largest 
  orchard 
  of 
  grafted 
  nuts 
  of 
  a 
  single 
  type 
  variety 
  in 
  the 
  United 
  

   States 
  and 
  is 
  a 
  most 
  excellent 
  example 
  of 
  what 
  follows 
  grafting. 
  The. 
  

   nuts 
  are 
  exceedingly 
  luiiform, 
  and 
  large 
  size. 
  They 
  are 
  marketed 
  in 
  

   the 
  natural 
  color 
  and 
  are 
  especially 
  attractive, 
  particularly 
  when 
  of 
  a 
  

   reddish-golden 
  tinge. 
  

  

  The 
  trees 
  begin 
  to 
  bear 
  at 
  five 
  or 
  six 
  years, 
  though 
  many 
  instances 
  

   are 
  recorded 
  where 
  two 
  year 
  olds 
  have 
  borne 
  a 
  few 
  nuts. 
  Usually 
  only 
  

   a 
  few 
  pounds 
  per 
  year 
  are 
  produced 
  prior 
  to 
  twelve 
  years, 
  after 
  that 
  

   the 
  yield 
  increases 
  rapidly 
  until 
  at 
  sixteen 
  years 
  the 
  trees 
  will 
  average 
  

   approximately 
  fifty 
  pounds 
  or 
  more 
  per 
  tree 
  under 
  favorable 
  soil, 
  til- 
  

   lage, 
  and 
  climatic 
  conditions, 
  providing 
  tlie 
  trees 
  are 
  of 
  selected 
  varie- 
  

   ties 
  of 
  good 
  bearing 
  qualities. 
  

  

  One 
  tree, 
  known 
  as 
  the 
  Payne 
  tree, 
  top 
  worked 
  on 
  to 
  a 
  native 
  black, 
  

   has 
  a 
  record 
  of 
  yielding 
  as 
  much 
  as 
  seven 
  hundred 
  and 
  twelve 
  pounds 
  

   in 
  one 
  season, 
  though 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  fair 
  to 
  use 
  these 
  figures 
  in 
  estimating 
  the 
  

   yield 
  per 
  acre 
  of 
  seventeen 
  trees. 
  

  

  While 
  the 
  walnut 
  has 
  received 
  little 
  attention 
  in 
  the 
  Eastern 
  United 
  

   States, 
  there 
  are 
  sufficient 
  data 
  at 
  hand 
  now 
  to 
  warrant 
  the 
  statement 
  

   that 
  several 
  meritorious 
  varieties 
  may 
  be 
  successfully 
  grown 
  in 
  favor- 
  

   able 
  localities. 
  These 
  nuts, 
  though 
  not 
  rated 
  as 
  high 
  as 
  the. 
  best 
  im- 
  

   ported 
  nuts 
  or 
  the 
  choice 
  California 
  product, 
  would 
  successfully 
  com- 
  

   pete 
  with 
  the 
  foreign 
  nuts 
  which 
  are 
  now 
  rated 
  as 
  replacement 
  nuts 
  by 
  

  

  