﻿47 
  

  

  of 
  diseased 
  bark 
  and 
  wood 
  should 
  not 
  be 
  allowed 
  to 
  fall 
  on 
  the 
  

   ground 
  then 
  to 
  be 
  forgotten. 
  A 
  bag 
  fastened 
  just 
  below 
  the 
  

   canker 
  will 
  collect 
  most 
  of 
  this 
  material 
  as 
  it 
  is 
  gouged 
  out 
  and 
  

   prevent 
  possible 
  reinfection, 
  which 
  might 
  take 
  place 
  if 
  the 
  ma- 
  

   terial 
  were 
  allowed 
  to 
  scatter 
  down 
  the 
  bark. 
  Canvas 
  or 
  burlap 
  

   spread 
  around 
  under 
  a 
  small 
  orchard 
  tree 
  might 
  be 
  sufficient 
  

   to 
  catch 
  all 
  of 
  the 
  diseased 
  chips 
  of 
  bark 
  and 
  wood 
  cut 
  out 
  of 
  

   the 
  lower 
  infections. 
  This 
  diseased 
  material 
  should 
  be 
  burned 
  

   together 
  with 
  blighted 
  branches. 
  After 
  completely 
  cutting 
  out 
  

   all 
  of 
  the 
  diseased 
  parts 
  the 
  cut 
  surfaces 
  should 
  be 
  either 
  ster- 
  

   ilized 
  or 
  covered 
  with 
  a 
  waterproofing 
  which 
  combines 
  a 
  fungi- 
  

   cide 
  with 
  a 
  covering. 
  Among 
  these 
  might 
  be 
  mentioned 
  coal 
  

   tar 
  and 
  creosote, 
  or 
  a 
  mixture 
  of 
  pine 
  tar, 
  linseed 
  oil, 
  lamp 
  black 
  

   and 
  creosote. 
  

  

  The 
  trees 
  which 
  have 
  been 
  killed 
  by 
  blight, 
  or 
  nearly 
  girdled, 
  

   have 
  been 
  overlooked. 
  These 
  should 
  be 
  cut 
  off 
  close 
  to 
  the 
  ground, 
  

   the 
  stump 
  peeled 
  and 
  the 
  bark 
  and 
  unused 
  portions 
  of 
  the 
  tree 
  

   burned 
  over 
  the 
  stump. 
  The 
  merchantable 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  trees 
  

   should 
  be 
  removed 
  from 
  the 
  woods 
  promptly, 
  as 
  all 
  dead 
  un- 
  

   barked 
  wood 
  furnishes 
  an 
  excellent 
  breeding 
  place 
  for 
  the 
  blight 
  

   fungus. 
  

  

  Third, 
  what 
  means 
  in 
  the 
  future 
  can 
  be 
  undertaken 
  to 
  keep 
  

   a 
  tree 
  healthy, 
  that 
  is, 
  to 
  prevent 
  reinfection. 
  The 
  spores 
  may 
  

   be 
  carried 
  by 
  so 
  many 
  agents 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  difficult 
  to 
  prevent 
  re- 
  

   infection. 
  However 
  it 
  is 
  clear 
  that 
  the 
  farther 
  infected 
  products 
  

   or 
  trees 
  are 
  removed 
  from 
  healthy 
  trees 
  the 
  less 
  liable 
  they 
  are 
  

   to 
  have 
  spores 
  carried 
  to 
  them. 
  Cooperation 
  with 
  nearby 
  owners 
  

   of 
  diseased 
  trees 
  will 
  help 
  solve 
  this 
  problem. 
  

  

  Spraying 
  on 
  a 
  large 
  scale 
  has 
  only 
  been 
  carried 
  on, 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  

   I 
  know, 
  on 
  the 
  estate 
  of 
  Pierre 
  DuPont, 
  Jr., 
  at 
  Kennett 
  Square, 
  

   Pennsylvania. 
  At 
  this 
  place 
  there 
  are 
  many 
  large 
  chestnut 
  

   trees 
  ranging 
  from 
  sixty 
  to 
  ninety 
  feet 
  in 
  height, 
  many 
  of 
  which 
  

   were 
  planted 
  some 
  sixty-five 
  years 
  ago. 
  Mr. 
  R. 
  E. 
  Wheeler 
  

   started 
  the 
  work 
  of 
  cutting 
  out 
  diseased 
  limbs 
  and 
  cankers 
  in 
  

   October 
  1911, 
  and 
  began 
  spraying 
  with 
  Bordeaux 
  mixture 
  in 
  

   April 
  1912. 
  The 
  formula 
  5-5-50, 
  five 
  pounds 
  of 
  copper 
  sulphate 
  

   and 
  five 
  pounds 
  of 
  lime 
  in 
  50 
  gallons 
  of 
  water 
  was 
  found 
  to 
  be 
  

   injurious 
  to 
  the 
  foliage 
  in 
  the 
  Spring. 
  This 
  was 
  changed 
  there- 
  

   fore, 
  to 
  4-5-50, 
  which 
  had 
  one 
  pound 
  less 
  of 
  copper 
  sulphate. 
  

   This 
  did 
  not 
  seem 
  to 
  injure 
  the 
  foliage. 
  

  

  About 
  70 
  trees 
  were 
  sprayed 
  twenty 
  times 
  during 
  the 
  season. 
  

   Nearly 
  all 
  of 
  these 
  were 
  gone 
  over 
  four 
  times 
  to 
  remove 
  diseased 
  

  

  