﻿86 
  

  

  degrees 
  below 
  zero. 
  This 
  cold 
  wave 
  apparently 
  did 
  no 
  in 
  jury- 
  

   to 
  the 
  walnut 
  trees 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  but 
  late 
  in 
  the 
  spring 
  it 
  was 
  dis- 
  

   covered 
  that 
  the 
  wood 
  cells 
  were 
  ruptured 
  though 
  the 
  buds 
  and 
  

   bark 
  were 
  uninjured. 
  In 
  cutting 
  the 
  scions 
  in 
  early 
  April 
  the 
  

   bark 
  and 
  buds 
  seemed 
  in 
  good 
  condition 
  for 
  grafting; 
  but 
  as 
  

   the 
  time 
  approached 
  to 
  do 
  the 
  work 
  it 
  was 
  readily 
  seen, 
  by 
  its 
  

   changed 
  color, 
  that 
  the 
  wood 
  was 
  injured, 
  some 
  scions 
  of 
  course 
  

   more 
  than 
  others. 
  Those 
  that 
  were 
  only 
  slightly 
  discolored 
  

   were 
  used 
  in 
  grafting. 
  But 
  as 
  time 
  passed 
  the 
  unhappy 
  result 
  

   came 
  to 
  light 
  that 
  out 
  of 
  about 
  2,000 
  nursery 
  trees 
  grafted 
  only 
  

   one 
  graft 
  grew. 
  After 
  climbing 
  an 
  80 
  foot 
  walnut 
  tree 
  to 
  get 
  our 
  

   scions, 
  and 
  paying 
  a 
  good 
  price 
  for 
  them 
  besides, 
  this 
  was 
  rather 
  

   discouraging. 
  

  

  This 
  cold 
  wave, 
  which 
  was 
  unprecedented 
  for 
  the 
  time, 
  had 
  

   wrought 
  other 
  injuries 
  to 
  the 
  nut 
  industry. 
  That 
  was 
  especially 
  

   to 
  the 
  young 
  trees 
  that 
  were 
  transplanted 
  the 
  fall 
  previous 
  and 
  

   last 
  spring. 
  The 
  transplanting 
  with 
  a 
  frost 
  injury 
  already 
  was 
  

   tco 
  great 
  a 
  strain 
  on 
  the 
  feeble 
  life 
  of 
  the 
  trees. 
  The 
  consequence 
  

   was 
  that 
  some 
  of 
  them 
  died 
  outright, 
  and 
  others 
  made 
  only 
  a 
  

   feeble 
  growth. 
  But 
  where 
  low 
  and 
  severe 
  pruning 
  was 
  practised 
  

   good 
  results 
  followed 
  and 
  such 
  trees 
  as 
  were 
  estabhshed 
  on 
  the 
  orig- 
  

   inal 
  root 
  system 
  escaped 
  the 
  frost 
  injury 
  entirely. 
  The 
  young 
  

   nursery 
  trees 
  with 
  dormant 
  buds 
  were 
  not 
  affected 
  in 
  the 
  least 
  

   but 
  made 
  a 
  strong 
  growth 
  of 
  from 
  three 
  to 
  seven 
  feet 
  this 
  last 
  

   summer. 
  

  

  The 
  intense 
  cold 
  wave 
  was 
  such 
  that 
  some 
  old 
  and 
  young 
  

   seedling 
  Persian 
  walnut 
  trees 
  were 
  killed 
  outright, 
  and 
  not 
  only 
  

   the 
  Persian 
  walnut 
  but 
  in 
  a 
  few 
  instances 
  the 
  American 
  black 
  

   was 
  very 
  much 
  injured; 
  likewise 
  the 
  Norway 
  maple, 
  magnolia, 
  

   California 
  privet 
  and 
  roses. 
  Also 
  the 
  peach 
  both 
  in 
  tree 
  and 
  

   fruit. 
  

  

  Now 
  in 
  conclusion 
  let 
  me 
  say, 
  what 
  is 
  the 
  lesson 
  to 
  be 
  learned 
  ? 
  

   First, 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  propagation 
  of 
  the 
  Persian 
  walnut, 
  great 
  care 
  

   should 
  be 
  taken 
  that 
  only 
  trees 
  that 
  are 
  hardy 
  should 
  be 
  propa- 
  

   gated 
  from, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  having 
  good 
  bearing 
  qualities 
  with 
  a 
  first 
  

   class 
  nut. 
  Second, 
  after 
  a 
  freeze 
  such 
  as 
  we 
  had 
  last 
  winter, 
  a 
  

   special 
  effort 
  should 
  be 
  made 
  to 
  save 
  the 
  newly 
  planted 
  tree 
  by 
  

   close 
  and 
  severe 
  pruniug. 
  As, 
  for 
  example, 
  I 
  had 
  a 
  very 
  fine 
  two 
  

   year 
  old 
  Hall 
  Persian 
  walnut 
  which 
  was 
  referred 
  to 
  me 
  as 
  dead. 
  I 
  

   cut 
  the 
  tree 
  off 
  about 
  4 
  inches 
  above 
  where 
  it 
  was 
  budded 
  on 
  

   the 
  black 
  walnut 
  stock. 
  It 
  was 
  not 
  long 
  after 
  that 
  signs 
  of 
  new 
  

   life 
  appeared 
  and 
  eventually 
  it 
  made 
  a 
  very 
  fine, 
  handsome 
  tree. 
  

  

  