﻿90 
  

  

  The 
  Chairman: 
  I 
  found 
  some 
  hickory 
  scions 
  that 
  had 
  been 
  

   accidentally 
  overlooked, 
  kept 
  under 
  leaves, 
  and 
  the 
  buds 
  in 
  the 
  

   cambium 
  were 
  perfectly 
  good 
  after 
  two 
  years. 
  In 
  regard 
  to 
  

   winter 
  injury 
  — 
  in 
  the 
  vicinity 
  of 
  Stamford, 
  Conn., 
  the 
  nursery- 
  

   men 
  reported 
  greater 
  losses 
  of 
  all 
  kinds 
  in 
  nursery 
  stock 
  than 
  they 
  

   had 
  had 
  before 
  in 
  their 
  experience. 
  I 
  noticed 
  that 
  some 
  small 
  

   branches 
  of 
  the 
  Persian 
  walnuts 
  had 
  been 
  injured, 
  and 
  particu- 
  

   larly 
  where 
  grafts 
  had 
  started 
  a 
  little 
  late 
  and 
  had 
  not 
  lignified 
  

   quite 
  thoroughly 
  I 
  lost 
  whatever 
  grafts 
  had 
  not 
  had 
  time 
  to 
  

   lignify. 
  Last 
  winter 
  the 
  injuries 
  in 
  our 
  vicinity 
  consisted 
  chiefly 
  

   of 
  two 
  kinds; 
  occasional 
  killing 
  of 
  the 
  small 
  branches 
  — 
  this 
  does 
  

   little 
  harm 
  because, 
  where 
  the 
  branch 
  is 
  killed 
  and 
  dies 
  back 
  for 
  

   a 
  certain 
  distance, 
  we 
  have 
  three 
  or 
  four 
  more 
  branches 
  starting 
  

   up, 
  so 
  that 
  perhaps 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  sophistical 
  to 
  say 
  that 
  it 
  does 
  the 
  

   tree 
  good. 
  We 
  get 
  a 
  larger 
  bearing 
  area 
  than 
  if 
  it 
  were 
  not 
  for 
  

   this 
  occasional 
  freezing 
  of 
  small 
  branches. 
  Another 
  form 
  of 
  

   injury 
  occurs 
  in 
  the 
  spring. 
  The 
  sap 
  will 
  start 
  to 
  ascend 
  when 
  

   we 
  have 
  warm 
  days 
  in 
  February 
  and 
  March; 
  then 
  a 
  few 
  cold 
  

   days 
  come 
  and, 
  if 
  we 
  have 
  absolutely 
  freezing 
  temperature 
  at 
  

   night, 
  this 
  sap 
  freezes 
  and 
  when 
  it 
  freezes 
  it 
  expands, 
  as 
  water 
  

   does 
  everywhere, 
  and 
  the 
  result 
  is 
  a 
  bursting 
  'of 
  the 
  bark. 
  That 
  

   is 
  an 
  occasional 
  happening 
  with 
  all 
  trees 
  but 
  particularly 
  with 
  

   exotics. 
  One 
  kind 
  of 
  winter 
  injury 
  has 
  been 
  overlooked 
  in 
  con- 
  

   nection 
  with 
  the 
  walnut. 
  The 
  very 
  last 
  thing 
  which 
  the 
  tree 
  

   does 
  in 
  the 
  autumn 
  is 
  to 
  complete 
  its 
  buds 
  for 
  female 
  flowers. 
  

   That 
  is 
  the 
  very 
  last 
  job 
  the 
  tree 
  has 
  on 
  hand 
  and 
  if 
  the 
  tree 
  

   cannot 
  complete 
  the 
  buds 
  for 
  female 
  flowers 
  perfectly, 
  then 
  a 
  

   very 
  little 
  wood 
  killing 
  will 
  make 
  that 
  a 
  barren 
  tree, 
  although 
  

   it 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  a 
  good 
  strong 
  tree. 
  That 
  covers 
  the 
  kinds 
  of 
  

   winter 
  injury 
  I 
  have 
  seen 
  in 
  the 
  vicinity 
  of 
  Stamford, 
  Conn. 
  

  

  (Here 
  Col. 
  C. 
  K. 
  Sober 
  of 
  Pennsylvania 
  showed 
  lantern 
  slide 
  

   views 
  of 
  his 
  orchards 
  of 
  paragon 
  chestnuts 
  and 
  his 
  methods.) 
  

  

  The 
  Chairman: 
  We 
  will 
  have 
  now 
  Mr. 
  Reed's 
  address 
  with 
  

   lantern 
  views. 
  

  

  