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  spring 
  the 
  moisture 
  becomes 
  greater 
  and 
  the 
  sap 
  starts, 
  so 
  if 
  you 
  

   prune 
  late 
  in 
  the 
  spring 
  there 
  is 
  great 
  danger 
  of 
  injury 
  to 
  all 
  plants. 
  

   If 
  you 
  prune 
  in 
  the 
  fall 
  you 
  have 
  no 
  trouble. 
  

  

  Mr. 
  Wile 
  : 
  . 
  I 
  would 
  like 
  to 
  know 
  if 
  any 
  one 
  has 
  had 
  experience 
  

   with 
  California 
  varieties 
  here 
  in 
  the 
  East. 
  

  

  Professor 
  Van 
  Deman 
  : 
  Professor 
  Close 
  has 
  had 
  more 
  than 
  any 
  

   one 
  else. 
  I 
  have 
  also 
  heard 
  of 
  some 
  in 
  Florida. 
  

  

  Professor 
  Lake 
  : 
  We 
  have 
  had 
  three 
  years 
  ' 
  experience 
  ; 
  we 
  have 
  

   had 
  also 
  the 
  experience 
  of 
  others 
  who 
  have 
  had 
  them 
  a 
  longer 
  time 
  

   than 
  that. 
  Some 
  three 
  years 
  ago 
  we 
  grafted 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  California 
  

   varieties 
  on 
  the 
  eastern 
  black. 
  In 
  view 
  of 
  the 
  eastern 
  conditions, 
  

   these 
  are 
  all 
  making 
  splendid 
  growth 
  — 
  some 
  of 
  them 
  made 
  a 
  three- 
  

   foot 
  growth 
  last 
  year, 
  some 
  a 
  five 
  and 
  one-half 
  foot 
  growth 
  this 
  

   year. 
  They 
  went 
  through 
  last 
  winter 
  splendidly 
  ; 
  they 
  are 
  holding 
  

   back 
  finely 
  in 
  the 
  spring 
  and 
  we 
  had 
  no 
  trouble 
  with 
  spring 
  frosts 
  

   on 
  the 
  grafted 
  portions, 
  even 
  though 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  seedlings 
  were 
  

   injured. 
  

  

  The 
  Chairman 
  : 
  Will 
  the 
  Persian 
  walnut 
  fertilize 
  itself 
  under 
  

   eastern 
  conditions 
  ? 
  

  

  Professor 
  Smith 
  : 
  I 
  think 
  we 
  will 
  have 
  to 
  trust 
  to 
  outside 
  fer- 
  

   tilization 
  by 
  the 
  black 
  walnut 
  or 
  butternut. 
  They 
  all 
  bloom 
  at 
  the 
  

   same 
  time. 
  One 
  fertilizing 
  tree 
  will 
  do, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  better 
  to 
  have 
  more 
  

   than 
  one 
  because 
  sometimes 
  it 
  might 
  turn 
  out 
  that 
  the 
  staminate 
  

   catkins 
  came 
  a 
  few 
  days 
  too 
  early 
  or 
  too 
  late 
  to 
  fertilize 
  the 
  nut. 
  

   The 
  more 
  trees 
  you 
  have, 
  the 
  better 
  the 
  chances 
  ; 
  the 
  more 
  trees 
  in 
  

   a 
  group 
  the 
  better. 
  The 
  reason 
  a 
  five 
  or 
  six-year-old 
  Persian 
  wal- 
  

   nut 
  tree 
  does 
  not 
  bear 
  many 
  walnuts 
  is 
  that 
  there 
  are 
  no 
  staminate 
  

   catkins. 
  It 
  takes 
  old 
  wood 
  to 
  produce 
  them. 
  There 
  is 
  not 
  enough 
  

   old 
  wood. 
  

  

  ]\Ir. 
  Stabler 
  : 
  The 
  Stabler 
  walnut 
  which 
  I 
  have 
  just 
  mentioned, 
  

   bloomed 
  from 
  the 
  tenth 
  to 
  the 
  twenty-fifth 
  of 
  June. 
  The 
  black 
  

   walnuts 
  of 
  that 
  neighborhood 
  all 
  came 
  out 
  from 
  a 
  month 
  to 
  six 
  

   weeks 
  earlier 
  than 
  that, 
  and 
  not 
  a 
  single 
  black 
  w^alnut 
  tree 
  had 
  

   blossoms 
  on 
  in 
  that 
  neighborhood, 
  nor 
  a 
  single 
  Persian 
  walnut 
  at 
  

   the 
  time 
  the 
  Stabler 
  tree 
  blossomed. 
  I 
  believe 
  I 
  am 
  fairly 
  well 
  

   acquainted 
  there 
  and 
  there 
  was 
  not 
  a 
  single 
  other 
  tree 
  had 
  catkins 
  

   on 
  at 
  that 
  time, 
  and 
  yet 
  that 
  tree 
  bore 
  a 
  good 
  crop 
  of 
  catkins 
  and 
  a 
  

   large 
  number 
  of 
  pistillate 
  blossoms 
  and 
  later 
  a 
  good 
  crop 
  of 
  nuts 
  

   which 
  is 
  fairly 
  good 
  evidence 
  that 
  it 
  must 
  have 
  fertilized 
  itself. 
  

  

  The 
  Chairman 
  : 
  We 
  would 
  like 
  to 
  continue 
  this 
  discussion, 
  but 
  

   we 
  have 
  another 
  paper 
  that 
  bears 
  on 
  the 
  subject, 
  and 
  I 
  think 
  it 
  will 
  

   bring 
  out 
  some 
  points 
  in 
  connection 
  with 
  it. 
  

  

  