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  Butternut 
  

  

  The 
  butternut 
  is 
  also 
  quite 
  common 
  in 
  much 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  territory 
  

   as 
  is 
  the 
  black 
  walnut 
  and 
  even 
  in 
  regions 
  farther 
  north, 
  but, 
  so 
  far 
  

   as 
  I 
  have 
  knowledge, 
  not 
  a 
  single 
  variety 
  has 
  been 
  named. 
  

  

  Japanese 
  Walnuts 
  

  

  Seedlings 
  of 
  two 
  species 
  of 
  Japanese 
  walnuts 
  are 
  quite 
  common 
  

   along 
  the 
  Atlantic 
  Coast 
  and 
  as 
  far 
  inland 
  as 
  the 
  Mississippi 
  River. 
  

   They 
  are 
  also 
  grown 
  on 
  the 
  Pacific 
  Coast 
  to 
  some 
  extent, 
  but 
  ap- 
  

   parently 
  no 
  varieties 
  have 
  been 
  recognized. 
  

  

  Another 
  nut 
  which 
  is 
  confused 
  with 
  the 
  Japanese 
  walnut 
  is 
  bo- 
  

   tanically 
  known 
  as 
  Juglans 
  Mandshurica. 
  In 
  character 
  of 
  growth 
  

   the 
  tree 
  quite 
  resembles 
  the 
  Japanese 
  species, 
  but 
  the 
  nut 
  resembles 
  

   more 
  our 
  American 
  butternut 
  and 
  sometimes 
  they 
  are 
  confused. 
  

   A 
  short 
  time 
  ago 
  a 
  gentleman 
  in 
  New 
  Jersey 
  who 
  had 
  planted 
  some 
  

   nuts 
  of 
  the 
  Japanese 
  varieties 
  later 
  cut 
  down 
  the 
  mature 
  trees 
  be- 
  

   cause 
  he 
  thought 
  they 
  were 
  American 
  butternuts. 
  

  

  Hazel-nuts 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  never 
  safe 
  to 
  use 
  the 
  term 
  ''hazel" 
  without 
  explaining 
  that 
  

   it 
  correctly 
  appUes 
  also 
  to 
  the 
  species 
  brought 
  from 
  Europe 
  and 
  more 
  

   commonly 
  called 
  filberts. 
  According 
  to 
  the 
  late 
  Mr. 
  Fuller, 
  the 
  

   Germans 
  discriminated 
  between 
  hazels 
  and 
  filberts 
  entirely 
  by 
  the 
  

   shape 
  of 
  the 
  husk. 
  A 
  nut 
  having 
  a 
  husk 
  which 
  extended 
  and 
  came 
  

   together 
  beyond 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  nut 
  was 
  called 
  filbert, 
  meaning 
  

   beard. 
  Those 
  having 
  shorter 
  and 
  more 
  open 
  husks, 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  nut 
  

   protruded, 
  were 
  called 
  hazels 
  after 
  the 
  German 
  word 
  "hassel," 
  — 
  

   hood, 
  in 
  EngHsh. 
  It 
  will 
  readily 
  be 
  seen 
  that 
  once 
  the 
  nuts 
  were 
  

   separated 
  from 
  the 
  husks, 
  it 
  would 
  be 
  impossible 
  by 
  their 
  classifi- 
  

   cation 
  to 
  determine 
  whether 
  they 
  were 
  hazels 
  or 
  filberts. 
  The 
  

   Americans 
  generally 
  accept 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  the 
  term 
  hazel 
  to 
  apply 
  to 
  

   both 
  the 
  American 
  and 
  European 
  species. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  early 
  history 
  of 
  our 
  country 
  extensive 
  and 
  persistent 
  

   efforts 
  were 
  made 
  to 
  introduce 
  the 
  European 
  hazels, 
  and 
  no 
  wonder, 
  

   for 
  of 
  all 
  nut 
  trees 
  this 
  species 
  seems 
  to 
  yield 
  most 
  readily 
  to 
  gar- 
  

   den 
  .culture. 
  They 
  are 
  readily 
  capable 
  of 
  adapting 
  themselves 
  to 
  

   most 
  any 
  kind 
  of 
  soil 
  and 
  even 
  to 
  rocky 
  ledges 
  which 
  would 
  be 
  im- 
  

   possible 
  to 
  cultivate. 
  They 
  attain 
  their 
  greatest 
  perfection 
  in 
  good 
  

   soil 
  and, 
  under 
  proper 
  cultivation, 
  the 
  trees 
  come 
  into 
  bearing 
  

   early 
  and 
  the 
  nuts 
  mature 
  early 
  in 
  the 
  fall, 
  well 
  in 
  advance 
  of 
  other 
  

   species. 
  The 
  hazel, 
  however, 
  like 
  the 
  chestnut 
  has 
  met 
  with 
  a 
  

   fatal 
  disease. 
  It 
  is 
  a 
  blight 
  which 
  seems 
  to 
  exist 
  everywhere 
  except 
  

   on 
  the 
  native 
  species, 
  which 
  are 
  so 
  far 
  immune 
  as 
  to 
  show 
  little 
  or 
  

  

  3 
  

  

  