﻿37 
  

  

  erally. 
  In 
  poor 
  soil 
  and 
  under 
  bad 
  conditions 
  the 
  pecan 
  tree 
  will 
  

   do 
  nothing. 
  There 
  are 
  trees 
  I 
  know 
  twenty-six 
  or 
  twenty-seven 
  

   years 
  old 
  that 
  are 
  not 
  as 
  large 
  as 
  my 
  wrist, 
  that 
  have 
  never 
  borne 
  

   a 
  nut 
  and 
  never 
  will. 
  I 
  can 
  also 
  show 
  you 
  trees 
  in 
  that 
  immediate 
  

   vicinity, 
  planted 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  time 
  from 
  the 
  same 
  nuts 
  with 
  favor- 
  

   able 
  conditions, 
  that 
  are 
  seventy 
  or 
  eighty 
  feet 
  high 
  and 
  bearing 
  good 
  

   crops 
  of 
  nuts. 
  Those 
  nuts 
  came 
  out 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  bag 
  the 
  same 
  day, 
  

   and 
  were 
  planted 
  by 
  the 
  same 
  man 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  locality, 
  and 
  that 
  

   proves, 
  as 
  I 
  have 
  said 
  before, 
  that 
  you 
  cannot 
  discuss 
  things 
  of 
  this 
  

   kind 
  in 
  general 
  terms 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  a 
  waste 
  of 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  the 
  association 
  

   to 
  do 
  so. 
  I 
  would 
  be 
  glad 
  to 
  answer 
  definite 
  questions 
  as 
  to 
  definite 
  

   points. 
  

  

  The 
  President. 
  The 
  next 
  will 
  be 
  a 
  talk 
  by 
  Dr. 
  R. 
  T. 
  Morris 
  

   of 
  New 
  York. 
  

  

  Dr. 
  Morris: 
  Mr. 
  Chairman, 
  and 
  Members 
  of 
  the 
  Association: 
  

   My 
  subject 
  relates 
  to 
  personal 
  experiences 
  with 
  hybridization 
  

   work. 
  This 
  is 
  work 
  which 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  done 
  more 
  and 
  more 
  by 
  various 
  

   members 
  of 
  our 
  association, 
  and 
  we 
  are 
  thus 
  to 
  create 
  new 
  species 
  

   of 
  trees. 
  Nature's 
  whole 
  endeavor 
  is 
  to. 
  preserve 
  the 
  mean 
  type 
  

   among 
  races 
  of 
  organisms. 
  There 
  are 
  mutants 
  among 
  all 
  trees, 
  

   among 
  the 
  hickories 
  and 
  walnuts, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  among 
  the 
  peaches 
  and 
  

   pears. 
  In 
  fact 
  all 
  species 
  undergo 
  mutation. 
  We 
  select 
  the 
  most 
  

   desirable 
  mutants 
  and 
  we 
  try 
  to 
  fix 
  a 
  given 
  type 
  by 
  grafting 
  and 
  

   propagating. 
  Seedlings 
  will 
  go 
  back 
  toward 
  the 
  mean 
  type. 
  The 
  

   mean 
  type 
  hickory, 
  walnut 
  or 
  chestnut 
  is 
  the 
  type 
  that 
  nature 
  

   wishes 
  to 
  preserve, 
  but 
  these 
  are 
  not 
  best 
  for 
  man's 
  purposes. 
  What 
  

   is 
  best 
  in 
  nature's 
  plan 
  is 
  not 
  always 
  best 
  in 
  man's 
  plan. 
  We 
  have 
  

   got 
  to 
  dynamite 
  nature. 
  We 
  have 
  got 
  to 
  put 
  a 
  charge 
  of 
  dynamite 
  

   under 
  nature's 
  seat 
  and 
  blow 
  her 
  up, 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  get 
  what 
  we 
  want 
  

   for 
  our 
  own 
  purposes. 
  How 
  do 
  we 
  do 
  it? 
  How 
  do 
  we 
  break 
  up 
  

   the 
  mean 
  type 
  of 
  a 
  variety 
  or 
  species? 
  By 
  crossing 
  the 
  flowers 
  and 
  

   bringing 
  together 
  the 
  parents 
  we 
  wish 
  to 
  unite 
  in 
  the 
  hope 
  of 
  grow- 
  

   ing 
  new 
  forms, 
  among 
  which 
  will 
  be 
  some 
  that 
  are 
  particularly 
  

   desirable 
  for 
  our 
  purposes. 
  

  

  Now 
  in 
  doing 
  this 
  work, 
  I 
  have 
  had 
  to 
  get 
  by 
  experience 
  a 
  number 
  

   of 
  points 
  which 
  will 
  be 
  of 
  value 
  to 
  members 
  of 
  this 
  association. 
  

   First, 
  in 
  regard 
  to 
  collecting 
  pollen. 
  Sometimes 
  species, 
  which 
  we 
  

   wish 
  to 
  cross, 
  flower 
  at 
  widely 
  different 
  times. 
  They 
  bloom 
  per- 
  

   haps 
  two 
  or 
  three' 
  or 
  four 
  or 
  even 
  six 
  weeks 
  apart, 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  a 
  question 
  

   how 
  long 
  we 
  can 
  keep 
  the 
  pollen 
  viable. 
  What 
  can 
  we 
  do 
  about 
  it? 
  

   There 
  are 
  two 
  good 
  ways. 
  First, 
  get 
  your 
  branches 
  of 
  male 
  flowers 
  

   before 
  they 
  are 
  open, 
  put 
  them 
  in 
  cold 
  storage, 
  or 
  in 
  an 
  ice 
  house, 
  or 
  

  

  