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  California, 
  Mexican 
  or 
  Japanese 
  black 
  walnut, 
  etc. 
  However, 
  

   being 
  a 
  native 
  of 
  Persia, 
  it 
  was 
  long 
  ago 
  decided 
  that 
  the 
  correct 
  

   name 
  of 
  this 
  nut 
  should 
  be 
  ^'Persian" 
  walnut, 
  and 
  not 
  "English" 
  

   walnut. 
  As 
  such 
  it 
  has 
  now 
  been 
  referred 
  to 
  in 
  scientific 
  publica- 
  

   tions 
  for 
  well 
  towards 
  a 
  quarter 
  of 
  a 
  century. 
  

  

  Subsequent 
  to 
  this 
  rather 
  limited 
  and 
  scattered 
  planting 
  on 
  the 
  

   Atlantic 
  Coast, 
  by 
  perhaps 
  three 
  hundred 
  years, 
  the 
  Persian 
  wal- 
  

   nut 
  put 
  in 
  its 
  appearance 
  on 
  the 
  Pacific 
  Coast. 
  According 
  to 
  

   Bulletin 
  No. 
  231 
  by 
  the 
  University 
  of 
  California, 
  it 
  is 
  probable 
  that 
  

   occasional 
  trees 
  were 
  planted 
  in 
  that 
  state 
  long 
  before 
  the 
  discovery 
  

   of 
  gold 
  in 
  1848. 
  Following 
  that 
  date, 
  planting 
  became 
  much 
  more 
  

   general, 
  but 
  usually 
  with 
  hardshell 
  strains 
  and 
  always 
  with 
  seed- 
  

   ling 
  trees. 
  From 
  these 
  early 
  trees 
  the 
  crops 
  were 
  never 
  of 
  great 
  

   importance. 
  In 
  1867 
  Mr. 
  Joseph 
  Sexton 
  of 
  Santa 
  Barbara, 
  planted 
  

   a 
  sack 
  of 
  walnuts 
  bought 
  in 
  the 
  markets 
  of 
  San 
  Francisco, 
  which 
  

   he 
  had 
  reason 
  to 
  believe 
  had 
  been 
  grown 
  in 
  Chili. 
  Of 
  the 
  resulting 
  

   trees 
  some 
  were 
  very 
  good, 
  others 
  mediocre, 
  and 
  some 
  worthless. 
  

   Later 
  on, 
  nuts 
  from 
  the 
  best 
  of 
  these 
  trees 
  were 
  planted, 
  and 
  second 
  

   generation 
  seedlings 
  produced. 
  In 
  this 
  way 
  the 
  famous 
  Santa 
  

   Barbara 
  Papershell 
  type 
  of 
  walnut 
  was 
  evolved. 
  With 
  it 
  developed 
  

   an 
  industry 
  which 
  among 
  the 
  tree 
  products 
  of 
  southern 
  California 
  

   is 
  now 
  second 
  only 
  to 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  orange. 
  In 
  1910, 
  the 
  census 
  

   takers 
  found 
  that 
  in 
  the 
  year 
  preceding, 
  the 
  crop 
  of 
  walnuts 
  of 
  

   southern 
  California, 
  which, 
  by 
  the 
  way, 
  came 
  almost 
  entirely 
  from 
  

   four 
  counties, 
  was 
  valued 
  at 
  more 
  than 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  total 
  crop 
  of 
  

   all 
  other 
  nuts 
  grown 
  in 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  put 
  together. 
  

  

  Four 
  years 
  after 
  Mr. 
  Sexton 
  of 
  southern 
  California 
  had 
  planted 
  

   this 
  sack 
  of 
  walnuts 
  from 
  San 
  Francisco, 
  Mr. 
  Felix 
  Gillet 
  of 
  Nevada 
  

   City, 
  in 
  northern 
  California, 
  began 
  the 
  introduction 
  of 
  French 
  wal- 
  

   nuts 
  both 
  by 
  seed 
  and 
  scions. 
  Out 
  of 
  his 
  efforts 
  and 
  those 
  of 
  others 
  

   who 
  subsequently 
  joined 
  him, 
  developed 
  the 
  walnut 
  industry 
  of 
  

   northern 
  California, 
  which 
  now 
  bids 
  fair 
  some 
  day 
  to 
  equal 
  that 
  of 
  

   the 
  lower 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  state. 
  The 
  famous 
  French 
  varieties 
  of 
  Fran- 
  

   quette 
  and 
  Mayette 
  were 
  introduced 
  by 
  Mr. 
  Gillet, 
  and 
  from 
  seed- 
  

   lings 
  of 
  his 
  growing 
  evolved 
  the 
  Concord, 
  the 
  San 
  Jose, 
  and 
  no 
  doubt 
  

   the 
  Chase 
  varieties.* 
  

  

  A 
  nut 
  which 
  probably 
  has 
  received 
  equally 
  as 
  much, 
  if 
  not 
  more, 
  

   attention 
  at 
  the 
  hands 
  of 
  experimental 
  planters 
  in 
  this 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  

   country 
  is 
  the 
  chestnut. 
  Just 
  when 
  the 
  introduction 
  of 
  foreign 
  

   strains 
  began, 
  history 
  seems 
  to 
  have 
  failed 
  to 
  niake 
  clear; 
  but 
  ac- 
  

  

  * 
  Bulletin 
  No. 
  231 
  by 
  Prof. 
  Ralph 
  E. 
  Smith 
  of 
  the 
  University 
  of 
  California, 
  

   is 
  authority 
  for 
  this 
  history 
  of 
  walnut 
  introduction 
  into 
  that 
  state. 
  

  

  