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  ance. 
  The 
  nuts 
  should 
  be 
  well 
  sealed 
  so 
  they 
  will 
  not 
  crack 
  open 
  

   in 
  shipping. 
  The 
  shells 
  should 
  be 
  thin 
  but 
  strong, 
  so 
  the 
  nut 
  may 
  

   be 
  easily 
  opened 
  and 
  the 
  whole 
  meat 
  taken 
  out 
  intact. 
  The 
  pellicle 
  

   surrounding 
  the 
  kernel 
  should 
  be 
  light 
  tan 
  colored 
  or 
  silvery 
  brown 
  

   with 
  a 
  glossy 
  waxed 
  appearance 
  attractive 
  to 
  look 
  upon. 
  The 
  

   meat 
  should 
  be 
  smooth, 
  and 
  plump, 
  averaging 
  50 
  per 
  cent 
  or 
  more 
  of 
  

   the 
  total 
  weight 
  of 
  the 
  nut, 
  and 
  with 
  a 
  mild, 
  pleasant 
  flavor, 
  free 
  

   from 
  any 
  astringency. 
  

  

  The 
  shells 
  vary 
  all 
  the 
  way 
  from 
  extremely 
  rough 
  and 
  unattrac- 
  

   tive 
  specimens 
  to 
  the 
  smooth 
  commercial 
  type, 
  as 
  the 
  Placentia, 
  

   while 
  the 
  color 
  of 
  the 
  meats 
  varies 
  from 
  dark 
  brown 
  to 
  nearly 
  white, 
  

   and 
  so 
  on 
  through 
  the 
  other 
  characteristics 
  mentioned. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  selection 
  of 
  varieties 
  the 
  walnut 
  breeder 
  is 
  exceptionally 
  

   favored 
  by 
  the 
  occurrence 
  of 
  large 
  areas 
  of 
  seedhng 
  trees. 
  Accord- 
  

   ing 
  to 
  the 
  1910 
  census 
  there 
  were 
  in 
  the 
  neighborhood 
  of 
  one 
  and 
  a 
  

   quarter 
  million 
  seedling 
  trees 
  growing 
  in 
  California. 
  With 
  this 
  

   almost 
  unlimited 
  material 
  for 
  selective 
  use, 
  it 
  seems 
  indeed 
  reason- 
  

   able 
  that 
  many 
  varieties 
  will 
  be 
  selected 
  in 
  the 
  future 
  which 
  are 
  

   better 
  adapted 
  to 
  the 
  demands 
  of 
  the 
  industry 
  than 
  some 
  of 
  those 
  

   now 
  being 
  propagated. 
  By 
  means 
  of 
  hybridizing 
  methods 
  it 
  is 
  also 
  

   Jioped 
  that 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  desirable 
  unit 
  characters 
  of 
  the 
  varieties 
  

   now 
  in 
  cultivation 
  may 
  be 
  recombined 
  into 
  more 
  nearly 
  ideal 
  varie- 
  

   ties 
  for 
  future 
  generations. 
  The 
  fact 
  that 
  walnut 
  breeding 
  is 
  

   necessarily 
  a 
  long-termed, 
  expensive 
  problem 
  has 
  made 
  it 
  rather 
  

   unattractive 
  to 
  the 
  practical 
  breeders. 
  Such 
  work 
  will 
  depend 
  

   largely 
  upon 
  public 
  or 
  specially 
  endowed 
  institutions 
  for 
  its 
  support. 
  

  

  