66 



STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Lime sulphur at the rate of 1^4 gallons in 50 was used for all spraying. 



It was impossible to get as complete counts as desirable at harvest 

 because of the crop having been practically ruined by a late frost. There 

 were only a few bushels of apples in the whole orchard but they were 

 carefulh' sorted and counted with the results given in the following 

 table. 



Pre-pink Spraj'ing — Duchess Apples — 1921. 



Treatment 



Check 



Regular 



Prepink 



Application 







3 

 4 



Scabby 



100% 



47% 

 16% 



The figures show a difference of 31% of scabby fruit between the 

 plot receiving the prepink application and the one not receiving it. 

 All the scab on fruit from trees receiving the prepink application was 

 in a very inconspicuous form and was not easily recognized as scab, 

 while on the trees receiving only three applications the scab was in 

 much larger spots and easily seen. 



I did not have any other definite experiments along this line but made 

 many observations whenever possible and found that in practically 

 every orchard of varieties such as Duchess, Wealthy, Transparent, 

 Mcintosh, Snow, etc. there was a bad early infection of scab which I 

 am very sure would have been prevented by a prepink application made 

 when the end of each bud could be seen in the compact cluster but before 

 they had begun to separate. 



CHEAPER DUSTING MIXTURES AND SPREADERS IN SPRAYING MATERIALS. 



There has been a demand by growers who have dusted extensively 

 for dusting materials which do not cost so much as those generallj'' used. 

 This may be accomplished in several ways. 



1st. By developing new mixtures which are made up of cheaper 

 ingredients. 



2nd. By reducing the proportion of the most expensive ingredient 

 which is the poison. 



3rd. By adding some material, such as hydrated lime, which will 

 improve the spreading quality of the dust and consequently make an 

 equal quantity cover more trees. 



The final test for any such mixture is this: "Is it efficient?" With 

 these ideas in mind work was begun this year to develop and test certain 

 mixtures which it was thought might do the work. 



Another angle of the spraying problem which has been given consider- 

 able attention recently by insecticide manufacturers and by some investi- 

 gators, is the use of "spreaders" in spiaying materials. Some call these 

 materials "extenders," "stickers," "defloculating agents," etc. Several 

 manufacturers arc incorporating some such agent in their arsenates of 

 lead which is supjxjsed to make the arsenate of lead mix more easily, 

 stay in suspension longei', spread upon the fruit and foliage in a thin 



