112 STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



basket is of good sound materials of proper thickness, well seasoned and 

 properly constructed, the centerpost is unnecessary'. 



2. They must be stowed in the car in such manner and by the adapta- 

 tion of the proper type of load to the varying widths of cars so that there 

 is a minimum of slack space into which the baskets may shift or settle. 

 It is also essential that the baskets be stowed uniformlj^ thruout the 

 load, each basket bearing equal resistance to the normal load thrust 

 and sidesway of the car on its springs while moving in transit or being 

 switched in the yards. Care should be taken to see to it that no car 

 is overloaded. Soft fruits should not be loaded more than three tiers 

 high and no commodities requiring refrigeration and ventilation should 

 be loaded over four tiers high, unless ice is packed in the baskets with 

 the commodity. 



TYPES OF LOADING. 



a. End to End Offset — adapted to cars not wider than eight feet 

 three inches, inside measurement. 



b. Five-Five Offset — adapted to cars exceeding Eight feet three 

 inches, inside width. 



TERMS USED FOR DESCRIBING VARIOUS METHODS OF LOADING. 



The term "Tier" is used to describe one layer of packages loaded 

 parallel to the floor and is one package high. Example "Three tiers 

 High." 



The term "Row" is used to apply to a line of packages parallel with 

 the length of a car and one package wide. Example "Five rows Wide." 



The term "Stack" is used to apply to a pile of packages placed across 

 the end of the car parallel with the end and is one package long. Ex- 

 ample: "22 stacks long." 



DESCRIPTION OF END TO END OFFSET LOAD. 



Place the first basket snugly in a far corner of the car with the handles 

 diagonally to the side of the car. Place the first row of baskets along 

 the far side of the car with handle in same relative position. The num- 

 ber of baskets along the side of the car varying with the length of the car. 

 [f the number of baskets placed singly side by side just equals the distance 

 along the side of the car — say, 22 baskets long — you will only place 21 

 l)askets above these in the next tier, setting or offsetting each basket 

 in the upper tiers on two baskets in the lower tiers. Build the first row 

 10 full height of the load before starting second row. The first tier in the 

 second row will total one less basket than the first tier in the first row 

 and the baskets in all succeeding rows will be offset or placed so that 

 one basket fits in to the triangular space left by the two baskets to which 

 it will be adjacent, and each succeeding row must be built to full height 

 of load as loading progresses. After completion of the fourth row, finish 

 the loading of the last two rows from both ends of the car towards the 

 doorway, and if loading has been done properly and with care the baskets 

 should come out evenly placed in the doorway. 



Advantages of the End to End offset method: — 



a. It gives an increased number of baskets for the same height of 

 load over any method of loading baskets upright and offset. 



b. It gives an evenly distributed load thrust to a maximum number of 

 baskets and results in the load arriving at destination with baskets in the 



