BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. 83 



In an experiment to determine tlie value of a liog Avallo\y in tlie 

 lattenino- pen tAvo lots of 10 pigs each Avere fed exactly alike, one 

 lot having access to a cement hog wallow. In a period of 67 days the 

 pigs having access to the hog wallow gained an average of 18 pounds 

 more than the others. 



In two experiments to determine the effect of lice upon the fatten- 

 ing of pigs it was found that 0.31 and 0.53 pound more of grain w^as 

 required to produce each pound of gain in weight in the lice-in- 

 fested pigs than in those free from lice. 



SWINE HUSBANDRY EXTENSION. 



Fifty-six field men were employed in extension activities in swine 

 production, wliich included pig-club work and the emergency pork- 

 production campaign. 



Pig cluds. — Cooperative work in connection with boys' and girls' 

 pig clubs Avas conducted in 25 States, where there was an enrollment 

 of 7-2,608 members, or an increase of 102 per cent over the year 

 before. Complete reports were recei\ed from 11.593 members. The 

 fact that the pig-club meml)ership has doubled in the last year is 

 only a slight indication of the zeal with which the boys and girls re- 

 sponded to the plea for increased m.eat production. A large per- 

 centage of the club members raised more than one pig. and there was 

 a great increase in the number of sows and litters raised. 



Emergexcy pork-productiox campaign. — The Animal Husbandry 

 Di\ ision undertook to aid in bringing about the production of suf- 

 ficient pork and lard, with special attention to the needs of the Army 

 and the Allies. It is only fair to say, hoAvever. that the Food Admin- 

 istration's influence on prices Avas one of the principal factors in 

 maintaining and increasing production. SAvine specialists of the 

 Animal Husbandrv Division cooperated with the State extension 

 forces, county agents, and other agencies. In the Corn-Belt States 

 the Avork was carried on as a separate enterprise, Avhile in many of 

 the Southern States it Avas assocvated with the pig-club Avork. 

 Among the measures advocated Avere better feeding methods, the use 

 of self-feeders, the groAA'ing of suitable forage crops, the improve- 

 ment of quality of hog'^;, the pi-odu.c-tion of fall as well as spring 

 litters of pigs, the formation of breeders' associations, and the home 

 killing and curing of pork. Demonstrations in the use of the self- 

 feeder and of forage crops were conducted in many counties, and the 

 farmers were brought together at tlie demonstration farms to see the 

 results. There was a big increase in the number of fall litters raised 

 in 1918. In the efforts to promote the raising of better hogs, espec- 

 ially in the Southern States, the sAvine specialists assisted the farmers 

 in purchasing breeding stock and in selecting the best animals from 

 their herds for breeding purposes. 1 he home killing and curing of 

 Y>()vk Avas encouraged by demonstrations and by exhibits at fairs. 

 The Xegro farmers of the South receiA'ed special attention in this re- 

 spect, and great improvement in the quality of meat cured Ija' ther.i 

 has resulted. 



MOVEMENT OF FEEDER HOGS. 



Because of a shortage of feed resulting from the drought in 

 the SouthAvest, a great number of light hogs Aveighing from 60 

 to 125 pounds were shipped to market at a time Avhen thcA' should 



