No. 6. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 491 



a siiuare deal, they will yet it. 1 am glad to be able to say from per- 

 sonal observation, that this comuiunity spirit is growing, and where 

 it is most pronounced we find the most enthusiastic fruit growers, 

 the best citizens and the happiest families. 



To the young man who is about to start inbusiuess for himself, 

 and contemplates plantiiig orchards, I would say, don't allow your 

 fondness for large operations to induce you to undertake more than 

 you can well perform. I have always been a strong advocate of the 

 little farm, well tilled. My experience and observation, extending 

 over a period of more than thirty-five years, has taught me that a 

 few acres judiciously planted and properly cared for, is much more 

 profitable than the large farm poorly cultivated and the crop care- 

 lessly handled. In conclusion, I wish you all a prosperous and happy 

 New Year. 



HORTICULTURAL ADAPTATIONv^. 



By Thos. F. Udnt, Dean and Director of Auricvlture and Experiment St'ition. 



Stale College. Pa. 



Although my father was something of an orchardist and a great 

 lover of trees, my own experience, especially in later years, has been 

 along the lines of more extensive agriculture. I cannot, therefore, 

 speak with any authority upon the details of horticultural opera- 

 tions. As the director of your Agricultural Experiment Station, 

 however, I have to consider your problems in their broader aspects. 

 You have, as I see it, a couple of large questions which need working 

 out if Pennsylvania is to take the place in fruit raising and vegetable 

 gardening that her natural conditions warrant. Some persons will 

 doubtless say that the discussion which follows has failed to men- 

 tion the most important question in fruit raising, namely, the mar- 

 keting of the crop. I do not wish to underestimate the importance of 

 barter, but the most important element of success is the economic 

 production of a high-class article, whether it is the apple, iron or 

 broadcloth. The people of this nation have gone wild on the subject 

 of barter. If the men who have amassed fortunes in selling cheap, 

 spurious or adulterated articles had spent the same energy in study 

 ing the economic production of a high-class one, they might possibly 

 have made as much money and saved their souls at the same time. 

 At any rate this country would have been spared the expense of an 

 army of detectives to enforce the pure food and similar laws. 



The Pennsylvania Agricultural Experiment Station has a mode- 

 rate sized poultry plant. Apparently, the only cause for locating the 

 buildings and yards was the fact that it seemed convenient to locate 

 them along a roadway leading from t!ie vslation office to the station 

 barn. The station barn was located in its present position because 

 a side liiW barn was desired, and the station office building was lo- 

 cated doubtless to give a sightly outlook. Obviously, these factors 



