70 



had from one to two doses of serum. I want to give each of them at 

 least ten doses, but it is obvious that I could not go far this year, 

 having arrived on May 12th and then having to graft the chestnuts 

 and have them develop sufficiently before any immunization work could 

 be started. This work was begun on July 18th and thus far this year 

 few others than the grafts were injected. Many of these grafts were 

 made on plants that were injected alsa last summer, or the sprouts 

 therefrom in case the original plant died. My idea is to immunize 

 these few to a high degree and use them for propagating purposes. 

 It is readily seen that a cliestnut that bears quite young is of decided 

 advantage in this work. I might mention also that I have one native 

 American chestnut tree badly blighted but that bears regularly a pint 

 or so of nuts. I have some two year old seedlings of these nuts and 

 shall immunize some of them for timber purposes, until I can locate 

 an American chestnut noted for its early bearing. 



In conclusion let me state that I suppose that I am subject to criti- 

 cism for not being scientific, but it must be remembered that I do 

 not have the physical strength nor the finances to carry on this work 

 as it should be done to be thoroughly convincing. Incidentally if any- 

 one was willing to furnish a little cash for the running of a laboratory 

 and emplojTnent of a couple of persons to help me, I should be glad to 

 be scientific enough in this matter to satisfy the most critical. How- 

 ever, as it is I must content myself with my main job of trying to re- 

 cover my health and growing some chestnuts in the blight pested 

 mountains at Piketown. I might furthermore add that I am whole- 

 hearted in this subject. I realize of course the gigantic magnitude of 

 the work, and while I may make blunders innumerable, I am just as 

 confident that I am on the right track and that success will crown my 

 efforts. 



Dr. ]\Iorris : I am very glad to open the discussion for this 

 audience will need a brief definition in order to comprehend this ex- 

 tremely important work. We must distinguish between a vaccine and 

 a serum. What is the difference? There is a weak form of disease 

 which puts out a weak form of jjoison in the blood. When this poison 

 is introduced into the blood of another individual it causes the de- 

 velopment of elements of protection or defense that are needed for 

 natural control of a more serious disease. Vaccination with cowpox, 

 for example, forces the bod}' of mankind to manufacture defense ma- 



