72 



year has a very heavy crop. Some of the first crop of nuts were 

 planted and these in turn have developed into trees which have pro- 

 duced nuts. Nuts from the second generation have been planted and 

 will likely make trees which will yield nuts in a few years. An 

 interesting feature of the original planting is the great variation in 

 the size, shape of nut, thickness of shell and yield. Some are large, 

 some are small, some are round and others are pear-shaped. The 

 majority of the trees yield well but a few, however, are light crop- 

 pers. 



The Butternut (Juglans cinerea) 



The butternut is much hardier than the black walnut and has a 

 much wider distribution in Canada. It occurs throughout New 

 Brunswick, in Quebec, along the St. Lawrence basin and in Ontario 

 from the shore'of Lakes Erie and Ontario to the Georgian Bay and 

 Ottawa River. It has been planted in Manitoba and does fairly well 

 there when protected from cold winds. West of Portage la Prairie 

 the writer observed a grove of seventy-seven trees. Some of these 

 trees were about thirty- five feet tall with a trunk diameter of ten 

 inches and had borne several crops of good nuts. 



The butternut in Ontario sometimes attains a height of seventy 

 feet and a trunk diameter of three feet. 



The English or Persian Walnut (Juglans regia). 



The English walnut, or the Persian walnut, as it should be 

 called, is found growing in the Niagara district and to a lesser extent 

 in the Lake Erie counties. It is stated on good authority that there 

 are about 100 of these trees growing in the fruit belt between Ham- 

 ilton and Niagara Falls. There are several quite large trees in the 

 vicinity of St. Catharines, which have borne good crops of nuts. 

 One of these trees produced nuts of sufficient merit to be included in 

 the list of desirable nuts prepared by C. A. Reed, Nut Culturist of 

 the United States Department of Agriculture. This variety has 

 been named the " Ontario " and is now being propagated, experi- 

 mentally, in the United States. In the vicinity of St. Davids, on the 

 farm of Mr. James Woodruff, there is a fine English walnut tree 

 which produced ten bushels of shelled nuts in one season. This tree 

 is one of the largest of its kind in Ontario, being about sixty feet tall 

 with a trunk diameter of three feet at one foot above the ground and 

 a spread of branches equal to its height. 



The English walnut is not as hardy as the black walnut and is 

 adapted only to those sections where the peach can be grown suc- 

 cessfully. At present this tree cannot be recommended for any part 

 of Ontario except the Niagara district and the Lake Erie counties 

 and even in these areas it should not be planted unless it has been 

 grafted or budded on the hardier black walnvit. 



