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As l(» false sliinulatioii. in the woods, where these trees grow native 

 and under the conditions to which they are necessarily adapted, they 

 are unilched and crowded when young by their competitors. In cul- 

 tivation we do not get the crowding and the mulching that makes 

 steady growth and proper ripening. So you should, by some j)rocess. 

 growing corn, cover crops, or other trees, keep your delicate nut trees 

 a little crowded and, if possible, mulched while young; and then later, 

 cut out the undesirable things and let the trees have room. 



I am not fully prepared to speak about the nut work of the Bureau 

 of Plant Industry, because that should be handled by the chief of the 

 bureau. 1 have charge only of the diseases of fruits and nuts. We 

 have had $8,200 allotted to the project and will have $2,000 more this 

 year, making $10,200. Originally that was $3,000 for nut diseases 

 all over the United States. \\'e started to work mainly on the southern 

 pecan diseases, ;uid partly on the bacteriosis of the walnuts of the 

 United States. But the Southern Pecan Growers' Association aot 

 some additional money for the bureau, $5,000 of which was given to 

 the fruit disease investigations, and was tied up with the other $3,000. 

 But the wording of the bill said, "All for pecan diseases." So we 

 transferred more to the ])roject and made it $8,200 for the nut 

 diseases. That means we have done ver}- little work for the nut 

 diseases except on Southern pecans, and I have been warned that one 

 must not stress southern pecans with the Northern Xut Growers' Asso- 

 ciation. 



We ha\e had. however, one man, and will have two men, on the 

 southern pee/in diseases in Georgia, on pecan scab .and pecan leaf 

 diseases, who are winning out beautifully, and have nearly solved many 

 of (he protjlems. including the ])ecan scab. One of the difficulties is 

 the occasional late summer rainy spell, bringing diseases and bad con- 

 ditions, lint in general we have solved the problem pretty well. 



Then we have the more permanently dangerous disease, pecan 

 rosette, which has taken about half of the pecans in some section* of 

 the South, especially in south Cieorgia and in b'lorida. That disease is 

 being experimented uj)on in tlie most extensive way of any of our pro- 

 jects. There is only one word to say about pecan rosette, and that is — 

 hunms — the disease is cured by the a^pplication of humus. 



Mh. Reed: How far north is the walnut rosette disease.'' 



Dr. Waite: As far as Falls Church, Va., but not much in the 

 North. 



