106 



with cultivation, but with this difference, ordinary cultivation im- 

 poverishes the soil and this enriches it by keeping all mineral and 

 organic matter in the field. 



The combination of principles worked out by many primitive peo- 

 ples and also by Messrs. Thorpe, Meyer and Lee makes it possible for 

 the farmer to arrange his rough land in tree crops so that every rain 

 will water his crops, even though the land may be rough and in sod. 

 If he cannot run horizontal terraces lie can dig holes near the trees 

 and lead the water to these holes by tVo furrows with the turning 

 plow. This is really an automatic kind of irrigation. By this means 

 a farmer can use his odd time whenever he can work the ground, and 

 thus do the cultivation for a whole year or two and at the same 

 time preserve the soil and establish a permanent agriculture. 



This gives the hill land the same chance as the level lands to 

 grow fat sods. It ofters a very interesting combination of blue 

 grass pasture along with crops of black walnuts, Persian (English) 

 walnuts, pecans, grafted hickories, mulberries (for pigs and chickens), 

 persimmons (for pigs and sheep), oaks (which make more carbo- 

 hydrate food than corn in many situations), honey locust (which has 

 a bean as rich as bran and good for tlie same purpose) and many other 

 crop trees that will be available if good brains keep developing the 

 idea. 



In this connection it may be pointed out that France exports mil- 

 lions of dollars worth of Persian walnuts and most of them are grown 

 on isolated trees scattered about the fields and along roadsides. 



The President: We will now adjourn to Sormani's for luncheon 

 and then we will immediately start for Mr. Bixby's place on Long; 

 Island. 



(Adjournment). 



