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The European Chestnut (Castanea sativa) 



This species of chestnut is variously known as French, Spanish, 

 Italian and European Chestnut. It is extensively cultivated in Italy, 

 France and Spain and Portug.il, and it forms an important article of 

 food for the people of these countries. It is also grown to a certain 

 extent in southern England. 



Like the native chestnut it is susceptible to chestnut blight and, 

 therefore, cannot be recommended for planting in Ontario except where 

 it can be grown several miles distant from the native sort. A few good 

 trees of this kind are growing and bearing well in the Niagara district 

 and at other places in southern Ontario and British Columbia. 



THE tiAZEL GROUP (Corylus sp.) 



Hazels of various kinds occur over a wide range of the earth's 

 surface, being found in North America, Europe and Asia. Tliere are 

 at least fifteen different species and these vary in size from small 

 shrubs of four to six feet in heiglit to immense trees 120 feet tall 

 ■ind six feet in diameter. 



This family of plants is represented in Canada by two native 

 species, the common hazel (Corylus americana) and the beaked hazel 

 (Corylus rostrata). The common hazel is generally a small bush 

 from four to six feet in height, but the beaked hazel is usually larger. 

 In the vicinity of Hudson's Bay it is reported as growing to the size 

 of a small tree, and on the Pacific coast is said to attain to a height 

 of twenty feet on suitable soils. The hazels are the hardiest nut 

 bearing plants in Canada, being found from the Atlantic to the Pacific 

 and from the southern boundary up to Hudson's Bay and Peace 

 River district. 



The native hazels do not usually equal the European hazels in size 

 of nut and productiveness but are extremely hardy, and would doubt- 

 less be worth planting where filberts and cobnuts cannot be grown. 

 Superior strains of the common hazel have been discovered and are 

 now being cultivated in the northern states and Canada. 



Filberts (Corylus avellana) 



Filberts have been introduced into Canada and are doing well. 

 In some cases the trees are quite large, attaining a height of twenty 



