79 



(1) Standardized Plant Names — 1923 — American .Joint Connnit- 

 tee on Horticultural Nomenclature — Salem, Massachusetts, is here 

 used as authority. 



(2) The pignut (C. glabra Cy. C. porcina) is not included in the 

 above list since (1) it is not commonly edible, and (2) it is probable 

 tli;it the true pignut is not found west of the Alleghenies, althoug'h 

 this is one of the hickory species which has been much split up by 

 SA'Stematic botanists. 



Nut bearing trees not considered desirable for general planting in 

 this state include the English (Persian) walnut, J. regia and horticul- 

 tural varieties of the so-called "paper shell" southern pecan. The 

 former is not as hardy in wood or bud as the black walnut and is 

 often killed back to the ground. The writer has seen specimen trees 

 in central and southern Illinois which were making fair growth but 

 not fruiting. This so-called winter injury is probably due as much 

 to the unfavorable climatic conditions found in Illinois during late 

 summer and fall as to low winter temperatures. It appears that the 

 roots needs considerable moisture during the fall months. 



The southern varieties of the pecan are often winter killed at the 

 tips. In favorable seasons they will grow vigorously but seldom ma- 

 ture any nuts. Trees growing in Pulaski Coimty, in extreme southern 

 Illinois, bear occasional nuts but thev are not well filled out and do 

 not ripen. 



General Considerations 



It is not generally known that nut varieties do not come true to 

 type from seed any jnore than do apples. Tike other fruit trees, 

 therefore, nut trees have to be propagated by budding or grafting. 

 Seedling trees, only, will result from the planting of nuts no matter 

 l:ow desirable the nuts may be. Such trees will very seldom produce 

 nuts as good as the parent and will, if they bear at all, be very slow 

 in beginning. Because of thi.-i fact it is desirable to plant named 

 varieties, propagated by reputable nurserymen, or to work over seed- 

 ling trees using scions or buds of a named variety. There are many 

 opportunities for top working seedling walnuts, chestnuts, pecans 

 and hickories now growing on hill sides, along fence rows, etc. 



The demand for named varieties of nuts is comparatively recent, 

 and few nurserymen have devoted much attention to the propagation 



