given showing the yields and prices ohtained from these chestnut trees 

 at Villa Ridge. Mr. Robert Endicott has one chestnut orchard of 

 seedlinsis near the older trees above mentioned which he cultivates like 

 other fruit trees and finds it a profitable use for southern Illinois land. 

 Mr. Riehl had over 2000 chestnuts in bearing, some in orchard form. 

 Mr. Riehl has often stated: "JNIake all reasonable allowances; the 

 fact remains that chestnut growing in favorable locations is a very 

 promising horticultural proposition." ' . 



J. F. Wilkinson of Rockport, Indiana, a nurseryman of con- 

 siderable experience in propagating nut trees, believes that orchards 

 of nut trees interplanted with apples and other fruits will be profit- 

 able and more permanent than where no nut trees are used. Experi- 

 mental evidence in Illinois is not as yet available and will be necessary 

 before recommendations can be made. It has been shown in Virginia 

 where apple trees fifty feet from a black walnut were killed, that 

 tliere was intimate contact between the roots of the walnut and' the 

 dead apple trees. It would, however, be possible to secure several 

 crops of apples before such a condition would become serious. 



At Marion are the beginnings of a commercial planting of pecans, 

 chestnuts, and black walnuts, owned' by Judge W. O. Potter. 



There are many questions involved in nut growing in Illinois. 

 Many make mistakes in planting nut trees too closely. They do not 

 realize that the trees are extremely long lived and will need consider- 

 able room 75 years hence. 



Tlie greatest care is necessary in transplanting. Many reports 

 have come to me of loss of trees at this time. Not only should the 

 tree, be plmted carefully but the toj) must be severely pruned', much 

 more severely than is the case with apples or other fruit trees. Special 

 care the first season is necessary or the roots will dry out. Miulching 

 is absolutely necessary. 



Some growers are recommending planting the seeds of walnuts 

 and chestnuts in place, then top working the seedlings. 



Better pruning methods must be worked out. Some varieties of 

 black walnut sucli as Stabler, need special care to preserve a central 

 leader. Keep tlie head from the ground by under cutting. 



The common insects and diseases must be watched for and killed 

 at once. Defoliation of a young tree is a serious set-back to its future 

 growth and early fruiting. 



