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disease, when grown under high culture with a maximum of food 

 supply and sunlight, than when grown under ordinary conditions in 

 a struggle with competing vegetation or in comparative starvation. 

 There is also evidence that nut trees under favorable conditions of 

 nutrition are more prolific and bear larger and better nuts. When 

 we come to think about it we recall that this rule applies to every- 

 thing that grows. 



Persian Walnut 



The Persian, or English walnut has been grown in the North- 

 eastern United States for over a hundred years with indifferent re- 

 sults due to planting seedling trees, resulting in poor or tender varie- 

 ties, to lack of pollination when only one or a few trees are planted, 

 and to poor care resulting in starvation. We have alternated between 

 hope and despair in regard to the Persian walnut. At present many 

 of us are in the despair stage. But my own faith has become serene. 

 I believe that we now have, or are about to have, the proper varieties. 

 Wlien we understand their pollination and soil adaptations, and are 

 ready to give them the highest cultivation and feeding, we can have 

 success, even commercial success. I draw this conclusion from the 

 results at my place in Redding, and from the numerous trees that I 

 observe in Hartford, and other Connecticut towns, and elsewhere. I 

 hope that this statement will be borne out by what we are going to see 

 in Lancaster. But local adaptations have got to be studied. Why is 

 it, for instance, that at Mr. Bixby's place on Long Island, under high 

 cultural conditions, and apparently favorable climatic ones, the Persian 

 walnut is a stunted tree, while on my New England hill without 

 culture, although to be sure in rich soil, it grows luxuriantly and bears 

 well.^ I am particularly impressed with the J. regia sinensis at my 

 place in Redding, Conn. A follow-up of the distribution of J. regia 

 sinensis by Nurserymen a few years ago might have valuable results. 

 Do not let us drop the search for better varieties of the Persian walnut. 



I commend to our fellows of the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture a re- 

 port just received of two years' investigation by the British Ministry 

 of Agriculture, through its agents, of the walnuts of Great Britain, 

 with one of our members, Mr. Howard Spence of England, as judge 

 of the merits of the nuts and trees. A similar investigation of our 

 walnuts and other nuts by our Department of Agriculture, using the 



