162 ANNUAL, REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 



susj)i(i()us. A('((M' llicse animals had been kv\)[ oiiL uf the niiue 

 uiulei* ohscivatioii for a few days and were tested, they were re- 

 turned) to the ii'.incs if they did not react to the mallein test and if 

 further study of the condi lions causing suspicions failed to support 

 tihe thought tliat these symptoms might have been produced by in- 

 fection witli ghmders. In this way. the work of the mines was not 

 e'eriously interfered with. It is believed tliat the outbreak has been 

 completely suppressed and for the reason that during the past five 

 months no evidence of glanders has been discovered among any of 

 the mules belonging To this company. 



In an outbreak in Franklin county several liorses and" mules be- 

 longing to a farmer were infected by a mustang from the west. In 

 treating these animals, before it was known that tihey were suffer- 

 ing with glanders, and before the matter was reported to the State 

 Live Stock Sanitary Board, the owner contracted the disease him- 

 self and died of it. 



Almost every case of glanders that has occurred in the State dur- 

 ing the past year has been traced directly to infection from without. 

 So far as known, all of the infection that exists in the State has 

 been located and eradicated. If so, there will be no more cases in 

 Pennsylvania until it is re-introduced. However, it is not difficult 

 for tliis to occur. There is no inspection of horses coming into the 

 State, and glanders is a very prevalent disease in most of the States 

 bordering upon Pennsylvania. So it is necessary at all times to 

 maintain a careful watch to discover outbreaks before they have 

 made lieadway and to check them wliile but a few animals are in- 

 volved. The dangers attending this disease are so well undierstood 

 and the veterinarians in Pennsylvania are so skilled in diagnosing 

 it that, as a rule, there is little delay in obtaining reports upon it. 



Texas Fever. — Tliere has been no Texas fever in Pennsylvania for 

 a long series of years, until last winter. The immunity from Texas 

 fever that we have experienced is due entirely to the wise regula- 

 tions tlliat have been drafted and are enforced by the Bureau of 

 Animal Industry of the I'nited) States Department of Agriculture. 

 Since Texas fever has not occurred in Pennsylvania for so long, lit- 

 tle attention has been paid to facts regarding it by the breeders in 

 this State. Therefore, it may not be out of place to say that Texas 

 fever is a specific disease somewhat resembling malarial fever of 

 man, and is caused by small animal parasites that live in the blood 

 and destroy the red corpuscles. Nearly all of the native cattle of 

 the southern States have this disease continually, but in a form so 

 mild that it do^s not appear to injure them. The parasite of the 

 disease is carried by the cattle tick. The progeny of ticks that have 

 fed upon blood of cattle infected with the parasites of Texas fever 

 are capable of transmitting these parasites to the animals that they 



