No. 6. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 259 



make over all others. Every agricultural paper lias tlie advertise- 

 ments of lialf a dozen makers and each will readily send descriptive 

 catalogues. 



Each man must select a pump according to his needs and he should 

 remember that, while a powerful pump can be made to do a little 

 work, it is not possible to make a weak pump do work beyond its 

 capacity. Be sure to get oue fully equal to your needs. 



For orchard work, it is economy to have a good pump of large ca- 

 pacity that may be mounted on a barrel, on a tank wagon or even on 

 a wagon platform with a suction hose to go into the barrels of spray 

 mixture. 



A good pump is one in which the valves and all the working parts 

 are of brass, which is simple in construction, has a good sized air 

 chamber, metal packing, a stout wrougli't iron frame, and a good 

 leverage. Rubber is objectionable if oils are to be used, but leather 

 is admissible. For the caustic washes, especially the lime, salt and 

 sulphur, neither rubber, leather nor cotton will prove lasting. 



Besides a pump of large capacity, a knapsack pump is often useful 

 in orchard work, especially among young or dwarfed trees. Particu 

 larly is this so when summer treatments are to be made. The knap- 

 sack pump should have a detachable oil tank for applying mechanical 

 mixtures of oil and water. ■ 



Of the emulsion pumps, only two types are known to me that come 

 up to reasonable demands. One series is made by the Goulds Manu- 

 facturing Company, Seneca Falls, N. Y., the other is made by the 

 Spramotor Company, London, Ontario, Canada. Both of these are 

 good and both come in various sizes and styles, from which the pur- 

 chaser must select that which best suits him. In using these emul- 

 sion pumps a few simple rules must be observed to make their work 

 reliable. 



Work the lever evenly and, so far as possible, continuously. If 

 spraying must be stopped, shut off both pumps at the base attach- 

 ment. Never allow either oil or water to get below the suction 

 point. Attention to these details may make all the differences be- 

 tween success and failure. 



As to prices for machinery, these vary so much that no safe esti- 

 mate can be given. It depends upon the accessories needed and upon 

 the demand to be made upon the machine. A good pump is always 

 a cheap pump; but a cheap pump is not always one that costs least 

 money. 



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