294 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 



At the factory the apples are pared and cored by suitable machines 

 run by hand or sleani power. They are then packed as solid as pos- 

 sible into o jDound cans or i-u gallon cans, as the market demands. 

 The cans are then filled with cold or hot water; if the former, the 

 cans are exhausted 5 minutes at 212 degrees Fahrenheit before tip- 

 ping, if the latter, they are tipped at once and submitted to the pro- 

 cess. If this is done in the open bath the boiling is continued 10 

 minutes at 212 degrees Fahrenheit, if in the closed bath 2 minutes 

 are allowed for the process at 240 degrees Fahrenheit. 



PEACHES. 



Peaches are successfully grown in several sections of Pennsylvania 

 and it is remarkable that there are not more factories in these sec- 

 tions to work up that fruit which cannot find a better market. Peach 

 canning is one of the important branches of tlie industry and a good 

 quality of goods will find a ready sale. The best varieties are those 

 with a firm, yellow flesh, like the Late Crawford, Elberta aod Smock. 

 The canner pays from fifty cents to |2.00 per bushel according to the 

 season and quality of the fruit. At the factory the fruit is pared, 

 cut into halves, removing the stones. The pieces of peach are then 

 carefully packed into the cans and the ten degree cane sugar syrup 

 is poured over them to fill the cans. They are then capped, ex- 

 hausted five minutes at 212 degrees Fahrenheit, tipped and processed 

 ten minutes at 212 degrees Fahrenheit in open bath or two miiiutes 

 at 240 degrees Farhrenheit in closed bath. 



It costs from |1.50 to $2.50 per case to put up such peaclies, and 

 they sell in the market at usually double the cost. 



"Pie Fruit" is an inferior grade of peach not pared but cut into 

 pieces aod put up in the cans with water instead of a syrup. They 

 cost less to pack and are of course sold at a lower figure than the 

 other grades of peaches. 



PEARS. 



Pears in cans are always in good demand. The supply of the fruit 

 is limited. The Bartlett stands at the head of the list of varieties, 

 although it is not necessary to refuse aoy variety at the canning fac- 

 tory. The best price is paid for Bartletts ranging from forty cents 

 to $1.25 per bushel. Pears are put up in 2 pound cans in the east 

 and in 3 pound cans in California. The fruit is pared, cut into halves 

 or quarters, removing the core and bruises and put up in a cold cane- 



