No. 6. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 411 



Where a contact poison is used it is necessary to touch each in- 

 sect with a drop of the spray in order to destroy it, while a stomach 

 ])oison may be spread upon the leaves for the insect to eat with its 

 food at any time it may happen to reach it. Spraying with contact 

 poisons is, therefore, much more difficult than with stomach poisons. 



Kerosene emulsion is usually made as follows: 



Hard soap, shaved fine, ^ pound. 



Water, 1 gallon. 



Kerosene, 2 gallons. 



Dissolve the soap in the boiling water; remove it from the fire and 

 pour it into the kerosene while hot. Churn this with a hand spray 

 pump until it changes to a creamy, then to a soft butter-like mass. 

 This may be used as a stock, and should keep for some time. For 

 use, take one part of the stock and nine parts of water for plant lice, 

 though where the insects to be treated have harder bodies, one part 

 of the stock to four or five parts of water can be used to advantage. 



Insecticides and Fungicides. 



It is important to spray fruit trees before they blossom, with Bor- 

 deaux mixture to destroy fungous diseases, and as this is also the 

 time to spray for many insects it is often desired to use the insec- 

 ticide and fungicide together. This can be easily done, the Bor- 

 deaux mixture combining well, both with Paris green and arsenate of 

 lead, and the following directions give the best methods for prepar- 

 ing these combined sprays: 



Bordeaux Mixture and Paris Green. 



Bordeaux mixture, 50 gallons. 



Paris green, 4 ounces. 



Stir the two till well mixed before using. 



Bordeaux Mixture and Arsenate of Lead. 



Prepare the arsenate of lead as already directed, but instead of 

 adding the two chemicals when dissolved, to the rest of the water 

 in the spraying tank, add them to fifty gallons of the Bordeaux mix- 

 ture placed in the tank and stir for a few minutes before using. 



