132 MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURE. 



A. I keep cattle from three years old and under. They are 

 heifers, taken at the age of about a week, and returned to their 

 owners with a calf, of the same age, by their side. They are 

 sometimes three years old when they come in, but generally are 

 returned at two years old. 



16. " Do you employ oxen or horses, and which do you con- 

 sider best?" 



A. My team is made up of horses, which I consider best 

 adapted to my purpose. 



17. " How much butter, and cheese and milk, do you pro- 

 duce ? " 



A. See the answer to the fifteenth question. 



18. " What fruits do you raise ?" 



A. Apples, pears, peaches, cherries, currants and quinces. 

 19. '" What do you consider the best and cheapest fences ? " 

 A. For my farm, stone wall is much the best and cheapest. 



I have built five hundred and twenty rods since I owned the 



farm. 



20. " Do you consider the careful cultivation of a garden, 

 essential on a farm ? " 



A. A kitchen garden is not needed when one cultivates the 

 field roots and vegetables, that I do. 



21. " Is there profit in raising swine ? " 



A. I think there is, when a proper course is taken. 



22. " What orcharding have you, apple, pear, peach or 

 plum ? " 



A. When I took possession of my farm I had very little select 

 fruit, but trees enough, in a natural state, when in bearing, to 

 make twelve barrels of cider. These I have ingrafted with the 

 different kinds of market apples, and have planted eighty-six 

 new apple trees, most of which are in a bearing state. These, 

 together with the other fruits that are named in the answer 

 under tlie nineteenth question, have brought me an annual 

 income of two hundred dollars. 



23. " What distance from each other do you set your trees?" 

 A. Thirty feet. 



24. " What do you wash your trees with ? " 

 A. With a strong solution of ashes. 



25. " Do you keep them under cultivation ? If so, with what 

 crop ? " 



