208 MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURE. 



not to rest satisfied, with this view of the case. True patriotism 

 and enlightened views of economy, ought to prevent any one 

 from consenting to it. 



Massachusetts must necessarily continue to be a manufactur- 

 ing State, and the manufactures in wood are among the most 

 important branches of industry, and must be not only continued 

 but enlarged. They cannot even continue, unless care is taken 

 to plant forests which shall furnish the necessary materials. 

 One by one, the workers in wood will have left the State, when 

 all the old forests shall have been cut down, A prudent fore- 

 sight may prevent this, by planting in season, the kinds of trees 

 necessary for these various demands, — for fuel, and for all 

 branches of manufactvire.' For this end, we have extraordinary 

 resources. Among the native trees, we have great choice, from 

 the number, variety, and excellence of the species. In the nar- 

 row breadth of Massachusetts, the species of native timber trees 

 are more numerous than are found in any kingdom of Europe. 

 We have nine species of large oak trees, four hickories, five 

 birches, three large maples, three ashes, three pines, two wal- 

 nuts, two elms, two spruces, two cedars, besides the beech, the 

 chestnut, the horn beam, the lever wood, the tupelo, the hoop 

 ash or nettle tree, the tulip tree, the plane, the bass, the locust, 

 the hemlock, the fir, the hackmatack, the cherry, the holly, sev- 

 eral poplars, many willows, and a large number of smaller 

 trees. Besides these, it is found that all the valuable trees of 

 middle and northern Europe flourish here asif they were native. 



It thus appears that our soil and climate are perfectly well 

 adapted to all kinds of trees which are found in temperate coun- 

 tries. It is only necessary to understand the character and 

 habits of each, and to choose suitable soil and situation. 



It will not be considered foreign to our purpose, to enumerate 

 some of the more important of the objects which should be kept 

 in view in the cultivation and extension of our forests, and the 

 native and foreign trees best suited for those purposes. 



The first want, as has been shown, is fuel. The trees best 

 suited to the purpose, are the hickories, the oaks, the beeches, the 

 birches, the maples, and the pines, particularly the pitch-pine ; 

 and the chestnut and hemlock for close furnaces. If fuel is to 

 be used in the form of cliarcoal, the hard woods only are of 

 great value, particularly chestnut, the birches, alders, oaks and 



