FARMS. 103 



The latter are sown about the first of July, on land that was 

 well manured in the spring, and has received two or three 

 ploughings. Raised two hundred and fifty bushels on less 

 than half an acre. This may not be a great crop, but it is 

 about as much as is profitable for a table turnip. I sold 

 seven ty-five bushels to neighboring families, and fed the remain- 

 der to my cows and oxen. The strap-leafed I sow about the 

 first of August, on sward land, ploughed after haying. Raised 

 one hundred and thirty-three bushels last year, and fed to 

 the cattle. I have never found butter injured by feeding cows 

 with turnips or the leaves of them. Usually withhold turnips 

 for two weeks from cattle going to be slaughtered. 



Of fruit, I have not much in bearing. Have set out about 

 one hundred apple trees within a few years ; these are doing 

 well for their situation. I made a mistake in not setting them 

 all together, on some of my best land. They are now scattered 

 about so much on rocky hill-sides, and by the sides of fences, 

 that I cannot take that care of them which they need. I do, 

 however, keep the ground around them ploughed and planted 

 most of the time. 



I use Nourse, Mason & Co.'s "deep tiller" ploughs, — 

 Nos. 37, 32 and 31. Each lot of land receives one thorough 

 ploughing every time it is under cultivation, having a man to 

 follow the plough, and pick off or dig out the stones. This is 

 the way to dig out small stones most easily. 



My woodland helps to give employment to men and teams in 

 the winter season, when New England farmers usually have 

 but little work to be done on the farm to advantage. 



I have never kept a strictly " farm account." But from my 

 cash book, I take the following items of receipts and expendi- 

 tures relating to the farm : — 



During the year ending September 20, 1859, 

 sold 



1 yoke oxen and 9 cows, weighing 6,414 lbs., 

 6 hogs, weighing 1,809 lbs., 

 1 hog, salted for use, 250 lbs., . 



Average weight of cows 500 lbs. 



Average weight of hogs sold, 301| lbs. 



Average weight of oxen, 1,944 lbs. 



