EXPERIMENT STATION REPORTS. 165 



Mr. Ed. McI had 4 cows all affected, but had no trouble. 



Mr. M H with Grade Holsteins, had only 4 out of 



9 affected. No trouble was reported in this herd. 



Mr. H S had 7 or 8 cows which could not be secured 



for examination. One only was examined and found affected. The 

 owner claims to have been infected from the herd of J R . 



Mr. J S had 11 Short-horns. Of these, 5 were affected, 



one being a ten-year-old, the others heifers. 



Mr. A S had 1 Short-horns, one of which was affected. 



At Howell on April 8th, 1911, we examined a herd of registered 

 Holsteins. Our attention was called to this herd because of the fact 

 that a large number of heifers had failed to breed although two bulls 

 had been used, one of which had an excellent record for potency. Out 

 of 22 cows examined, 3 were not affected at all, or at least very slightly; 

 4 were affected slightly ; 6 were affected to a greater extent, and 9 were 

 badly affected. Of the 14 yearling heifers, one was in heat and the 

 vulva was swollen so that no papules could be seen. Three were slight- 

 ly affected; G were affected to a greater extent, and 4 were badly 

 affected. Eight calves about 4 months old were all slightly affected. 



On an adjacent farm belonging to the same owner, there had been 

 no trouble with breeding. All of the cows that were examined here 

 showed nothing more than slight affection. One out of 5 calves about 

 4 months of age was slightly affected. 



The lactic acid treatment was adopted in the affected herd, and its 

 application was successful. We are not yet acquainted with the results 

 of the treatment. We hope to keep in touch with this disease, but 

 have no plan outlined for investigation." — [Ward Giltner.] 



Avian Tuberculosis. — "Conversation and correspondence with Mr. 



J R , of Chilson, Mich., resulted in his sending us by 



express a dead hen. Autopsy of this hen showed extensive tubercular 

 lesions of liver, spleen and intestine. 



A visit to ChilsoD, January 21, 1911, disclosed the fact that Mr. 



R had lost by death and slaughter on account of sickness 



probably 15U birds. There were about that many remaining, and man}' 

 of them showed signs of tuberculosis, such as pale comb and wattles, 

 emaciation, ruiftled feathers and general lack of tone. A barrel in the 

 yard contained the frozen carcasses of a number of tuberculous hens. 

 An excellent specimen of the disease affecting the lung was secured. 



It was found that several neighbors had lost occasionally a few 

 chickens from a chronic wasting disease. On one farm, a Plymouth 

 Rock hen that had died the previous night showed a few tubercles in 

 the liver and intestinal wall. I learned that, on the farm of Mr. 



R about lU years previous (when Mr. R 's predecessor sold 



the farm), a disease was affecting the flock and that diseased birds 

 had been sold about the community. A neighbor claimed that he had 

 at that time lost nearly all his flock of a chronic disease. It was found 

 that tuberculosis was not infrequent in women, farmers' wives, in this 

 community. 



Our knowledge of avian tuberculosis and its control and eradication 

 was very limited and purely academic. We decided that, on account 

 of the limited value of the individual birds and of the impossibility of 

 detecting the disease in the living birds by any means known to us, it 



