80 MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURE. 



nous to the nation, and made a lasting impression on the mind 

 of every patriot and every statesman." And not to the great 

 minds of our own country alone does this truth appear mani- 

 fest. And among others, the Emperor of Russia declares, in 

 1822, that the encouragement of the manufactures of his em- 

 pire was imperatively demanded by the agricultaral interest, 

 and also by commerce, and he adopted a policy to that effect, 

 following in this respect the example set by England, Austria, 

 France and Prussia, and adopting that best of all maxims, the 

 development of every industry for mutual benefit, and for general 

 national prosperity. 



Pardon me for a moment, while I remind you of the growth 

 of our country under the united influence of agriculture and 

 manufactures, before I bring before you the more striking illus- 

 tration to be found in the Commonwealth where we are assem- 

 bled. A colonial dependency less than a century ago, the 

 American nation has risen to a free nationality ; has increased 

 in population from three and a half to forty millions ; has 

 fought, successfully, three foreign, and one civil war; has 

 raised the value of the real estate of the Union from fifty mil- 

 lions to ten thousand millions of dollars ; is producing one 

 hundred and fifteen millions of pounds of wool, one thousand 

 three hundred and thirty-two millions bushels of grain : being 

 of corn, 768,300,000 bushels ; of wheat, 217,870,000 bushels ; 

 of rye, 23,490,000 bushels ; of oats, 275,098,000 bushels ; of 

 barley, 25,727,000 bushels ; of buckwheat, 21,350,000 bushels ; 

 besides 67,783,000 bushels of potatoes, 323,724,000 pounds of 

 tobacco, and 2,300,000 bales of cotton. The increase in the 

 value of agricultural lands since 1860, has been in the New 

 England States from 17 to 20 per cent., and in the most pros- 

 perous Western State from 100 to 175 per cent. 



The growth of manufactures has been not less remarkable 

 and interesting. In 1860 California produced manufactured 

 articles to the amount of $58,253,228 ; Connecticut $83,000,- 

 000 ; Delaware, $10,000,000 ; Illinois, in 1865, $63,356,013 ; 

 Indiana, in 1860, $43,250,000 ; Maine, $6,235,623 ; Massachu- 

 setts, in 1865, $249,260,700 ; Missouri, in 1860, $41,783,651 ; 

 New Hampshire, $37,586,453 ; Wisconsin, in 1867, $27,840,- 

 467 ; and the aggregate of the Union was $1,150,000,000. 



