FARMS. 5 



balance was pastured, and on it and the mowed meadows six 

 cows, one bull and four calves were pastured through the whole 

 season. One and three-eighths acres of the best land was 

 manured with twenty-five cart-loads of good barn manure, 

 twenty bushels to the load, then ploughed under, then twenty 

 loads of good well decomposed barnyard manure was spread on 

 and cultivated in with the common cultivator, after which it was 

 harrowed once and marked off and planted, from the last of 

 April to the 10th of May, as follows : 6 rods pop corn ; 43 

 rods sweet corn ; 50 rods white flint corn, or what is called 

 Nantucket corn ; 40 rods mangold wurzel beets ; 12 rods onions ; 

 26 rods cabbages ; 10 rods carrots ; 11 rods potatoes ; 6 rods 

 melons ; 4 rods oats ; G rods chiccory, parsnips, &c. The 

 onions did not come well, and what did were mostly destroyed 

 by the maggot ; and on the 14th of July Italian turnips were 

 planted by hand ; on the four rods where the oats had been 

 raised, and on the portion where early sweet corn, and among 

 the early York cabbage, flat turnips were planted ; and also 

 where corn missed or was taken by birds, yellow-eyed beans 

 were put in. This piece of land had been seeded to grass the 

 year before, and the year before that it had been badly tilled, so 

 that quantities of weed-seeds and twitch-grass had got such hold 

 as to cause very much more cost of labor to subdue them, to let 

 the crop have a chance to get a good start ; but with the help 

 of a dry season and much hard hoeing at the right time, every 

 pest was well kept under till the crops covered the land. I said 

 that this land was of the best portion, and on the whole it was ; 

 but it embraces as many kinds of soil as any piece of tho same 

 extent* that can well be found — from a light, sandy, porous, 

 (with no base,) to a stiff clay, cropping out nearly to the sur- 

 face; and in planting I had reference to the soil and seed, by 

 planting cabbage on the moist and richest part, and the man- 

 golds on the most clayey part, and onions on the white, silver, 

 sandy portions, and carrots on that which was of a soft, mellow 

 texture. 



In the charges or cost of producing crops, the man and horses 

 are left out. No credit or charge can come in, as the man's 

 yearly wages are put in against the whole farm, and the improve- 

 ments and crops will be enhanced in value to offset them ; and 

 the same of horses, when at work for regular farm purposes ; 



