192 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



mine for years. I satisfied rny mind, in the first place, that the 

 business of farming, properly conducted, involved the raising of 

 roots, and I have listened with extreme interest to Mr. Ware's 

 details with regard to the management of roots on his own 

 piece of land, where he works with good results. I want to 

 distinguish between roots, in the first place. Mr. Ware has 

 made certain general declarations, which I do not exactly agree 

 with — not that I call in question the value of his experience. 

 Now, in regard to mangolds. They will grow on heavy, strong, 

 clayey lands ; that is the place for them. It is not necessary to 

 enlarge upon that. They will not grow upon light land profit- 

 ably. Swedish turnips will not grow upon heavy, rich clay 

 lands ; you cannot raise a smooth solid turnip there, and get a 

 good crop. They want a light soil, filled with mineral material. 

 Carrots want a warm, light soil, well cultivated. The drag, as 

 Mr. Ware says, is the thing for root crops. Do not imagine 

 that the drag is a substitute for the roller. You cultivate one 

 thing with the drag, and another thing with the roller ; and 

 that Mr. Ware would have said, if he had thought of it. He 

 would use his drag upon land where he had sown carrots ; he 

 would not use it upon land where he had sown grass or grain. 



Mr. Ware. Our practise is to use the drag and not the roller 

 in all cases for grain as well as roots. 



Dr. Loring. The best grass and grain fields that I have ever 

 seen have been sowed, the seed harrowed in, and rolled 

 frequently. 



These lands of which I have spoken are the Jands that will 

 carry certain specific roots, and carry them well. There is no 

 trouble about it. The lands I have designated, applied to the 

 roots I have designated, will always carry them well. 



The land for carrots and for mangolds should be ploughed as 

 early as possible. The mangolds I would sow as early as pos- 

 sible. In regard to carrots, I think Mr. Ware is perfectly right. 

 The land for turnips must be ploughed late ; for late turnips 

 are turnips ; it is useless to talk about early turnips. 



Now with regard to manures. For mangolds the land should 

 be drilled, and manure put in the drill. You can use green 

 manure just as well as decomposed manure. Green manure 

 from the barn-yard, properly mixed, with a little salt — because 

 a little salt always comes in well on such land as can grow man- 



