FRUIT IN POTS. 215 



tree. The tree is within your grasp ; you can -manage it, take 

 it up, and carry it from one part of your garden to another. I 

 should add, that you may place the pot in any convenient part 

 of your grounds, with a good exposure to the sun, set it about 

 six inches deep in the soil, and the tree will thrust its roots 

 through the pot and then through the orifice, and make its way 

 down into the soil underneath, and there feed. In the fall of 

 the year, about the 15th of November, you will lift the tree 

 carefully, cutting off whatever root may have thrust itself 

 through the orifice, put it in the cellar,' away from actual frost, 

 and there keep it until the next spring. I have now some 

 fifteen or twenty of these trees, packed away in a portion of my 

 cellar, where the thermometer does not get down to zero, nor is 

 it hot. In the spring, I shall replace them in the garden, and 

 very soon the tree will begin to thrust its roots through this 

 orifice, and feed upon the soil and go to work preparing its 

 fruit. That is a very pleasant way to raise fruit for persons 

 with small gardens, who want a pretty horticultural or pomo- 

 logical plaything. This is the mode of culture commonly 

 pursued in Japan and China. In the garden of which I have 

 just spoken, that I made at Lawrence, my son-in-law, who resides 

 there now, has some forty or fifty peach trees, about a man's 

 height ; and in the neighborhood of Boston, in the garden of 

 Mr. William Gray, Jr., there were, three years ago, three hun- 

 dred peach trees, of various sizes, raised in this way, and in the 

 fall of the year, a very large crop was taken from them. 



Mr. Clark. What kinds have you raised ? 



Mr. Oliver. I had the Crawford, two or three varieties, late 

 and early, the Stump-the- World, I think, and the Early York. 

 I had only about half a dozen varieties. 



Mr. Taylor. My excellent friend, Mr. Needham, of South 

 Danvers, has had some fifteen years experience in the culture 

 of small fruits, and I would like to hear from him. 



Mr. Needham. It is]not my province to speak in public. My 

 province is in dealing with the fickle goddess Pomona ; and 

 sure enough, she has been very fickle of late years. One of the 

 greatest difficulties we have labored under in the cultivation of 

 pears has been that we have made an error in selecting the 

 bottoms. Nearly all the good bearing pear trees in the city of 

 Salem and vicinity are worked upon English bottoms. Those 



