4 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Oft. Do<J. 



the State and reached its lowest at Lawrenceville, Tioga county, 

 where the deficiency was nearly two inches. Climatic conditions 

 were quite favorable Tor the maple sugar indnstrv throughout the 

 State, but the geueral cold weather caused the grouud to be frozen, 

 cold and unfit for early agricultural operations. 



APRIL 



The dominant characteristics of the weather throughout the State 

 were the low tempeiatures in all sections, ranging from ten to twenty 

 degrees below the normal in Western Pennsylvania, with zero temper- 

 atures in the east the 2nd, 3rd and 4th, and cold weather with freez- 

 ing and frost in many places from the 5th to the 25th, retarding plant 

 growth and preventing agricultural operations. With the 25th, 

 warm weather set in, reaching temperatures as high as from eighty to 

 ninety degiees in some sections of the State. The rainfall was 

 again below noimal. The snowfall for the mouth varied from one 

 to eighteen inches, the latter at points in Somerset county. This 

 is the month when winter crops such as wheat and grass begin grow- 

 ing, and wheu oats, early potatoes and legumes, such as the Canada 

 Field Pea and clovers are seeded, but on account of the cold 

 and freezing weather the winter crops made little or no growth and 

 few if any of the spring crops were, or could be, planted or sown. 



MAY 



The month of May opened with seasonable Aveather, But after 

 the 2nd there was a drop in the temperature and damaging frosts 

 occurred in nearly all sections of the State. This cold period lasted 

 until the 7th in the eastern section of the State, and until about 

 the 6th in the western section, when the hot weather began, for which 

 May, 1911, will be remembered for a long tiiue. From the 10th to 

 the end of the month, with regular persistency, there occurred nearly 

 over the whole State, temperatures ranging from ninety to one hun- 

 dred and one hundred and five degrees. Not only was the intense 

 heat continual, but precipitation Avas as deficient as the heat was 

 persistent and, while during the fiist week of hot weather vegetation 

 grew rapidly, it soon showed the effects of the drought, which was 

 especially manifest in the growth of winter wheat and grass that, 

 by the end of the month, was little further advanced than they would 

 have been at the end of April during a normal season. Early potatoes 

 and early vegetables of all kinds were almost a failure throughout 

 the State except where exceptionally good farming is done or where 

 occasional summer showers occurred. 



JUNE 



The early days of June were similar to May, continuing so until 

 the middle of the month, except in some few sections of the State 

 where rain fell, and even here, because of the early drought, the rain 

 was not sufficient to bring farm crops tip to normal conditions, on 

 account of the late start in Spring and the dry weather in May. There 

 was a deficiency of rainfall at Emporium of nearly two inches, at 

 Harrisburg of more than one inch, at Huntingdon of one inch, at 

 Lawrenceville of one inch, at Wellsboro one inch, and at Williams- 

 port, in the Susquehanna Valley, one inch. In the western section 

 of the State the rainfall was, with few exceptions, among which are 



