142 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 



It will be seen that about nine i)ei cent, of the farms inspected were 

 producing milk, the use of which, in the opinion of these judges, would 

 be prejudicial to public health. 



In the fail- class were placed those farms which ordinarily produced 

 good milk, but owing to insanitary arrangements or carelessness in 

 handling, the product might at times become contaminated to such 

 an extent as to render it unwholesome. This class constitutes about 

 fifty-eight per cent, of 'the total number. 



It appeals that the major portion of the supply comes from dairies 

 where a little education properly applied would result in a marked im- 

 provement in the general supply of the city. 



In the food class were placed those dairies which were being oper- 

 ated by competent and intelligent dairymen. About thirty-two per 

 cent, of the farms inspected were placed in this class. On these 

 places milk was being produced as a business and not as a side 

 issue to general farming. It was a noteworthy fact that this class 

 of dairymen did not complain of a lack of profit in the business. In 

 most instances they were receiving a bonus over the regular market 

 price for their better product which retailed at a higher price in the 

 city. It was only from the "Fair and Bad" dairymen that the com- 

 plaint was heard "That the more cows a man owns the poorer he 

 becomes." 



The excellent class was reserved for certified dairies operating 

 under the regulations of the Pediatric Society of Philadelphia. The 

 milk from these places retails in the city for sixteen to twenty cents 

 per quart and is intended for infant feeding, invalids, and discriminat- 

 ing consumers. 



During the preceding winter Typhoid Fever was prevalent among 

 the inmates of a large institution in Philadelphia. The cause of the 

 epidemic was attributed to the use of ten thousand pounds of butter 

 which had been purchased in the spring of 1910 and placed in cold 

 storage for winter use. During the investigation which followed it 

 was necessary to trace the origin and handling of eight bundled and 

 forty thousand pounds of milk which was concerned in the churnings. 

 After a most searching inquiry, it was definitely determined that the 

 milk had not been contaminated with Typhoid germs and the butter 

 was removed from suspicion. 



On the first of October the entire work of Dairy Farm Inspections 

 was transferred to the State Livestock Sanitary Board. Our ex- 

 periences with the previous inspection were of much value in formu- 

 lating plans to extend the same system of inspection throughout the 

 entire State. It was definitely decided to make it a general campaign 

 of education for the purpose of fostering and encouraging the dairy 

 industry as well as safeguarding the general milk supply of the State. 

 The greatest impediment to the success of this plan is to obtain a 

 sufficient number of inspectors who possess the necessary qualifica- 

 tions to act in an advisory capacity to the dairymen. There are ap- 

 proximately one hundred and ninety-one thousand dairy herds in 

 this State, the work of inspection and instruction has scarcely begun, 

 but thus far, reinspections have shown that improvements have been 

 made in more than fifty per cent, of the places which had scored Bad 

 and Fair on first inspection. 



