504 



STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



Variations in sugar content of apples: The juice of ripe apples has 

 been found to vary in sugar content from 7 to 15 per cent., the average 

 for a large number of varieties in dififerent states being nearly 11 per 

 cent. Summer apples have been found to average the lowest in sugar 

 content, winter apples highest and fall apples intermediate. 



TABLE II 



SUGAR CONTENT OF GROWING APPLES.* 

 Sweet vs. Other Apples. 



Date. 



June 11 

 June 17 

 June 2.5 

 July 2 

 July 7 



July 15 

 July 17 

 July 22 

 July 24 

 July 29 



Total sugar as invert. 



Summer Apples. 



Yellow 

 Trans- 

 parent. 



4.10 

 5.91 

 6.58 

 6.67 

 8.00 



8.15 

 9.02 

 8.78 

 9.21 

 8.89 



Bouirh. 

 (eweet) 



5.64 

 6.04 



7.17 

 7.02 

 7.69 



8.77 

 9.23 

 6.93 

 9.54 

 8.78 



Date. 



June 16 

 June 30 

 July 28 

 Aug. 18 

 Sept. 24 



Oct. 15 

 Oct. 23 

 Oct. 30 

 Nov. 5 



Total sugar ae invert. 



Winter Apples. 



Winter 

 Paradise. 



(sweet) 



4.45 

 4.23 

 6.34 

 6.68 

 7.47 



8.84 

 9.63 

 9.87 

 9.36 



Ben 

 Davis. 



3.87 

 3.74 

 5.71 

 5.90 

 7.56 



8.60 

 9.60 

 9.91 

 9.74 



TABLE III 



MALIC ACID CONTENT OF APPLES.* 



Street vs. Other Apples. 



*Table8 II and III taken in part from Table VI, "Studies on Apples," Bui. 94, Bur. of Chem., U. 

 S. D. A. (1905) pp. 45, 46, by W. D. Bigelow, H. C. Gore and B. J. Howard. 



Mature ripe apples contain the largest amount of sugar; green apples 

 contain a much sinallor quantity, and over-ripe apples contain less 

 sugar than ripe apples (see Table II). Contrary to the usual belief, 

 sweet apples are ordinarily no richer in sugar than sour apples. They 

 taste sweet because they contain less malic acid than sour apples (see 

 Table III). (Malic acid is the acid normally found in apples.) Thus 

 it is readily seen that the practice some amateur vinegar makers have 

 of adding well or rain-water to their cider is a very poor one as the 

 percentage of sugar in apple juice is rarely too high. 



