408 



STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



at Howell required more feed; and also that more commercial feeds, 

 which are higher priced than the home-grown grains, were fed. 



Labor Costs. 



Labor is the second largest item in the cost of milk production. A 

 detailed record of the labor was kept which was divided as follows: 

 Troduction labor, handling milk, and miscellaneous labor. Tliese 

 items are still further divided into two classes. (1) labor performed 

 by the owner or operator, (2) labor performed by hired help. At Howell 

 the average production labor per cow was 136.4 hours, handling milk 

 3.1 hours, while the miscellaneous labor amounted to 7.6 hours, making 

 a total of 147.1 hours for the year. Of the total amount, 43.6% or 64.1 

 hours, was spent by the owner or operator. 



The total time spent at Webberville amounted to 116.7 hours per 

 cow per year, of which 58.0% was performed by the owner or operator. 



TABLE IV.— AVERAGE MONTHLY LABOR REQUIREMENT PER COW AT HOWELL. 



Three bottom lines of the table ehow the labor requirement for winter and summer seasons and yearly 



total. 



