72 • ANNUAL REPORT, OF THE Off. Doc. 



Glanders: Tlie locords of the year show a slight diiniuutiou of the 

 prevalence of glauders. It was necessary to destroy 21) horses on ac- 

 count of this disease, while last year the number destroyed was 44. 

 These cases occurred in the following counties: Allegheny, Berks, 

 liucks. Centre, Clarion, Clinton, Erie, Franklin, Jetlerson, Lancaster, 

 Lawrence, Luzerne, McKean, Montgomery, Northampton, Northum- 

 berland, Philadelphia, Tioga, Venango and Wyoming. In Phila- 

 delphia there were nine cases of glauders, and as many as two cases 

 occurred in only one of the other counties in which the disease was 

 found. This distribution of the disease proves conclusively that there 

 are no centers of infection in Pennsylvania and confirms the view, as 

 stated in previous reports, that all the cases of glanders found 

 among mules and horses in Pennsylvania are of recent introduction 

 from other states. Indeed, in most cases it is possible to trace the 

 origin of infection to animals recently brought to Pennsylvania. On 

 account of the occurrence of the unusual number of 44 cases of glan- 

 ders during the previous calendar year, a special effort has been 

 made this year to discover every possible case of this disease. The 

 veterinarians of the State have been unusually alert in searching 

 for glanders and every report of suspected glanders has been investi- 

 gated, with the result that 23G horses have been tested w-ith malleiu 

 and the discharge from the nostrils from a large number of horses 

 has been examined in the laboratory. As all of this effort has led 

 to the discovery of but 29 cases,' and the infected animals have been 

 widely scattered, I believe that it will be perfectly safe to conclude 

 that there are very few, if any, animals in Pennsylvania aftlicted with 

 glanders excepting possibly a few recently introduced from other 

 states. 



The situation in Pennsylvania in respect to this disease is so favor- 

 able, and so unusual, that a very close oversight must continue to 

 be maintained in order that the infection may not become estab- 

 lished and spread, as it has in so many other states, to the great 

 injury of the live stock industry and the public health. 



Black quarter : During 1904, blackquarter has occurred in six 

 counties, as follow's: Erie, Montgomery, Susquehanna, Warren, 

 Wayne and Wyoming. I was able last year to report a considerable 

 diminution in the prevalence of this disease and it is gratifying now 

 to be able to state that the occurrence of blackquarter has been even 

 less than during the preceding year. This diminution in prevalence 

 is due largely to early vaccination, and to the fact that the places 

 where the disease is most likely to occur have been located and 

 careful oversight of these localities is maintained and vaccination is 

 applied in advance of the pasturing season to animals on farms 

 where the disease is believed to be stationery. Upon the first occur- 

 rence of blackquarter upon a farm, the susceptible cattle are vacci 

 nated. During the year, 609 young cattle were vaccinated, and, al- 

 though all of these animals were on farms where blackquarter had 

 occurred during the current or preceding year, all of the vaccinated 

 animals remained immune to this disease. 



Anthrax; Anthrax occurred during 1904 in the following counties: 

 Berks, Bucks, Chester, Huntingdon, Jefferson, Lancaster, Lycoming, 

 McKean, Susquehanna, Tioga and Wyoming. Several of these out- 

 breaks were in localities where the disease had not previously oc- 

 curred, but most of them were in districts where outbreaks have 

 repeatedly occurred during a long series of years. 



