No. 7. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 77 



animal to become so unsightlj^ detracts so mucli from its value and 

 is a source of so much annoyance to its victim tliat it should be kept 

 in check. This can be accomplished only by discovering, quaran- 

 tining and treating all horses suffering with mange. The quarantine 

 should be continued until the cure has progressed to such a point 

 that the horse may not spread infection. After that stage is reached, 

 the horse may be worked, but treatment must be continued until the 

 cure is complete. The remedy for this disease that has given the best 

 results is the lime and sulphur wash, recommended by the Bureau 

 of Animal Industry. Directions for preparing this wash were given 

 in the report for last year, but as it is important that it should be 

 more widely known I shall print the directions again. 



Place one-half pound of unslacked lime in a bucket or kettle. To 

 this add enough water to form a paste. Into this paste sift one and 

 one-half pounds of flower of sulphur and stir the mixture well. 

 Place the sulphur-lime paste in a kettle with about three gallons 

 of water and boil. The boiling should be continued until the sul- 

 phur disappears, or almost disappears, from the surface, which will 

 require from one to three hours. The solution is then of a chocolate 

 or liver color. Water may be added as necessary to replace that 

 which evaporates during boiling. Pour the mixture and sediment 

 into a bucket and allow two or three hours for the sediment to set- 

 tle, then carefully dip off the clear liquid, taking care not to disturb 

 the sediment. Place this liquid in a wooden receptacle or keg that 

 can be closed tightly to exclude the air, or in a glass receptacle, such 

 as a large demijohn. To the clear liquid thus dipped off, add enough 

 water to make six gallons. The sediment should be thrown away. 

 This mixture can be used freely for washing the horse. As it stains 

 the hands of the person who uses it (although it does not harm other- 

 wise, and the stain does not last long) it may be applied with a 

 sponge attached to the end of a stick, or rubber gloves may be worn. 

 About one-half of the body of the horse may be covered at a time, 

 that is, on a single day, and* the application should be repeated at 

 intervals of two or three days so long as may be necessary. In the 

 west, where many horses are to be treated, they are dipped in lime 

 and sulphur wash in special vats. 



This wash should be applied with a sponge to the diseased area and 

 to the surrounding apparently healthy skin. It is well to apply a lit- 

 tle, but not much, friction in order to cause the wash to soak through 

 the scurf and accumulation and to penetrate into the burrows and 

 fissures in the skin. The wash should be applied at intervals of two 

 or three days until the cure is complete. 



nog Cholera: Hog cholera has occurred during the past year in 

 many sections of the State to which western hogs have been brought. 

 Almost invariably outbreaks of hog cholera in Pennsylvania may be 

 traced directly to the importation of hogs from the west. Since hog 

 cholera has not prevailed in the western states during the year 1904 

 as extensively as during several preceding years, the prevalence of 

 the disease in Pennsylvania has been less. The principle outbreaks 

 have occurred in the counties of Berks, Chester, Cumberland, Dela- 

 ware, Indiana, Lycoming, Northumberland and Union. The total 

 losses of hog cholera during the year are estimated at 140,000. The 

 Federal Government now requires all pens in stockyards and all 

 stocks cars that have been occupied by hogs with cholera to be disin- 



