No. 7. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 277 



in to demonstrate the folly of keeping cows exposed or turning those 

 cows out on cold nights and letting them stay outside the stable, in 

 cases where the custom had been to keep them in. I know of one 

 man that kept a record along this line and he found when he went 

 to look over his figures that when these cows had been out at night 

 he got more milk in the morning than he did when they had been in 

 the stable. I say that if the cows go off in milk, then the proper 

 thing to do is to keep them in, but it has not always been by observa- 

 tion that they go off in that way. 



MR. SEXTON: I will admit that in warm weather you will not see 

 so much of that shrinkage, but if we take the cold winter months, 

 such as we have^ our experience is that we can produce very much 

 larger quantities if we keep our animals quietly in the sta- 

 ble without any excitement or noise or confusion. The more quiet we 

 keep our animals, the better results we get. We are coming down 

 to the conclusion each year that the more care we take and the more 

 quiet handling we can give the cows, the better will be the results. 



'MK. CLARK: Might it not be a matter of the healthy condition of 

 these cows? Suppose a cow was kept housed up for quite a num- 

 ber of weeks, in the stable, confined to it without any exercise, now 

 might we not on the other side, take the cow that had a certain 

 amount of exercise even though it might be a little cold, the ques- 

 tion is, would it not affect the healthy condition of the cow — would 

 one over-balance the other? 



MR. SEXTON: That is certainly a matter that we want to take 

 into consideration. I was only speaking of the shrinkage of the 

 milk that would come to those animals, when we give them that ex- 

 ercise in cold, winter weather. 



MR. LIGHTY: We want to be right about this matter. We go 

 before the farmers of Pennsylvania and thousands of these little 

 things practically come up all over the State. I am sorry that I 

 missed a good deal of this talk. I understand that there is a little 

 controversy whether we should go out and advise the farmers to 

 cut their corn fodder up fine or shred it so that the animals can eat 

 it, and whether you should let them out in the field or in the yard 

 as some of us do on the other side of the hills. 



Now we have been going over the State and trying to induce those 

 people to cut and shred that corn fodder, make the very best use of 

 it possible; we have been talking along that line that they should 

 do that, cut it with the greatest care, shock it up^ tie it up, house it — 

 not let it lie there in the field — put the water on and scald it; we 

 have been trying to get them to build silos; now are we wrong? Did 

 we advise wrongly when we particularly stated that the cow never 



