384 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 



of the live stock owned within the bounds of our great Common- 

 wealth iu lOUO. The statement is as follows: 



788,000 horses (over two-thirds of which 



are used on farms), @ |T5.00, $59,100,000 



61,167 mules (nearly two-thirds of which 



are used on farms), (a) $80.00, 4,893,360 



1,200,000 dairy cows, @ |35.00, 42,000,000 



750,000 steers, growing dairy stock, and 



bulls, @ 129.00, 21,750,000 



830,000 sheep, @ .f 3.90 32,270,000 



1,100,000 swine, @ |7.61, 8,571,000 



6,500 goats, @ $3.50, 22,750 



Poultry, 8,236,000 



It is safe to place the value of horses from $10 to 25 higher than 

 above stated. There is no immediate fear of overstocking the 

 market with good horses, and at the present prices, we suggest that 

 our farmers give more attention to their raising heavy draft horses 

 that find a ready sale at from $150 to $200, costing but little more to 

 raise than a prime steer and the margin of profit is much larger. 



The heavy work of the farm must necessarily be performed by the 

 horse and his hardy relative, the mule, and in view of the relatively 

 small number of the latter, as shown by the statement, I do not hesi- 

 tate to affirm that that there is plenty of room on the farms and in 

 the mines of Pennsylvania for more mules. The average price is 

 always a little better than for the common grades of horses, while 

 the cost of rearing must be substantially the same as that of a horse. 



Our domestic animals are the bed-rock of all good farming, and 

 there should be enough of them to consume the bulk of the pro- 

 ducts of the farm, and as much more as possible. The gentle-eyed 

 cow is the Pennsylvania farmers' best friend and ally. In fact, 

 without her aid and assistance the farm would soon become an un- 

 productive waste. Every farmer should get acquainted with his 

 cow, study her, learn her genealogy and see that she comes of a 

 good family. Family counts with her as much as with human. The 

 sire should be pure-bred and intelligently reared. 



There will be no signal success in stock raising, nor in any other 

 business, without knowing how to do it. Intelligence and ability 

 gleaned by careful thought and study has a money value that shows 

 most satisfactory results. The man who is diligent in this way will 

 stand among the kings, and his home will be a fit dwelling-place for 

 the royal family. No farmer should be satisfied until he knows just 

 what each cow and head of live stock is earning for him, and is in 

 condition to select and propagate the best. 



Do not neglect the calves. Nature has given them a voracious 

 appetite and splendid digestion. Work them both for all they are 

 worth the first year and you lay the foundation for something 

 worth while for the future. Inadequate food for the growing 

 young animal stunts the growth and detracts so much from the 

 value of maturity that it is always poor economy. 



We would impress upon the farmer the wisdom of Dr. Conard's 

 words when he says, ''the necessity for raising our own supply in 

 order to prevent the importation of disease into our premises," is 



